Insulin Doctor: This Is The First Sign Of Dementia! The Shocking Link Between Keto & Brain Decline!

Welcome to the sardine challenge. So, the only thing on the menu for the next 3 days is sardines. I challenge you to try and eat three of those cans in a day because that's a hell of a tool to help you get into a ketogenic state. And when you're in a ketogenic state, it helps burn fat, muscle mass gets higher preserved. I've seen patients that have reversed their gray hair and their brain performance, concentration, and energy, all of those things improve. And so, I'm going to teach you how to do an advanced ketogenic diet. Sorry, the sardine juice has gone on my iPad. >> Good luck getting that off. Dr. Annette Bosworth is the insulin resistance specialist. >> With over two decades of experience, she's discovered that the key to your health isn't more treatments. >> It's to get into a ketogenic state. Most people have been making buckets of insulin without knowing it. But when you have excess insulin, it's a chronic disease maker. It is what makes high blood pressure. It is what makes cancer. It is what makes debris in the brain, which is linked to depression, brain fog, Alzheimer's, and Parkinson's. And so, to reverse the high insulin state, I really push my patients to do the ketogenic diet. And what I'm told is your best life ahead within a year. Like, I really rescued my mom from the edge of death. So, where do I start? >> First thing is quit eating so late at night because you're stimulating an excessive production of insulin. The next thing, keep the carbs low, put the fat up, more eggs, beef brisket, ribs, pork belly. >> But then people often say when you talk about the ketogenic diet that it's not sustainable. So, you have this idea of this keto continuum, consistently keto for life. >> Yeah. I mean, I've been on a ketogenic diet for 10 years. And those 12 steps are it. And you're not going to have to try very hard. So, the first step is I see messages all the time in the comment section that some of you didn't realize you didn't subscribe. So, if you could do me a favor and double-check if you're a subscriber to this channel, that would be tremendously appreciated. It's a simple, it's a free thing that anybody that watches this show frequently can do to help us here to keep everything going in this show in the trajectory it's on. So, please do double-check if you subscribed. And thank you so much because in a strange way, you are you're part of our history. And you're on this journey with us and I appreciate you for that. So, yeah, thank you. Dr. Annette Bosworth or shall I call you Dr. Boz? What is it that you know and believe and understand that you think the general public doesn't know, believe and understand? Mhm. So, most of the reasons people come to see me could be reversed if they knew how to make ketones on a regular basis. So, I'm an internist. Uh that means uh if you go to an internal medicine doctor and we don't know what's wrong, you're going to die. We take care of tough puzzles and we do this over a long management, chronic disease management. So, I've got 25 years of studying chronic problems that deteriorate the quality of life. Lifespan, healthspan both go in the toilet when you're chronically seeing me. And you could abort all of that destiny if routinely you were making ketones. An internist sounds like an intern. I'm trying to understand the the definition. >> on this is terrible. It just means you're supposed to take care of very complex answers. Your job I mean, the buck stops with you. If if the internal medicine team can't figure it out, you're going to die. So, so you're basically a chronic illness doctor. >> Chronic disease management is absolutely it. You know, I love the way uh Peter Attia uses medicine 2.0, which is what we are the masters of, managing it, making sure the prescriptions are there, making sure you are treating all these problems. The internist being one of your best buddies cuz you're having to see them routinely, you got to get the meds refilled, you got to check for the side effects. It's a mill. What is medicine 2.0 in your definition? Yeah, so I can keep you from dying from childbirth and infections and I have an antidote for every one of your symptoms. We are in a world where medicine has answered a lot of problems. Little things like high blood pressure, little things like it's a few extra pounds around the middle, little things like brain fog, oh, my eyes are aging. All of these are signals that your body has made more trash than it cleaned up and there were some rules to humans that you missed. And for for my listeners that have clicked on this conversation, what are they going to get out of giving us their time and staying with us and listening to this? What is the end goal going to be for them in their lives? Listening to the way I talk to my patients and teach them the steps how to reverse the medical problems that you've already got on the roster. And by doing that, the freedom is to be the kind of grandparent that you dreamt of, but you've surrendered can't be there anymore. And what is the list of predicaments or illnesses that Yeah. So >> are relevant here? Most common one is being overweight and a brain that's not working right. What really is behind all of the patients I've seen for 25 years is we're working on peak brain performance. Even if you don't think about that, that's what I think about. So when you come in and you're 55 years old and I can see the worry of Parkinson's headed your way. Super young is 55 years old with Parkinson's. That is a brain that's got too much trash and you don't know it yet. And I mean, in the history of Dr. Boz versus Parkinson's, Parkinson's has like 3,500 patients, I have zero. Parkinson's wins every time. And the the biggest moment of people who have chronic problems under the hood is they have no idea that it's coming. And once that lands, the reversal is much worse. Seeing it 10 years before it's supposed to be there, this is a gift of saying, let me show you how to undo that. Back away from the edge. It's that brain function that you're going to miss the most when it doesn't work. And it's linked to all of these things like the arthritis, the you know, weight around the middle, the high blood pressure, the severe connection to mental uh approach, meaning you can say depression, but people say, "Oh, I don't have that diagnosis." I'm talking about a brain that doesn't want to engage, that doesn't find joy in their life anymore, because it's been too many years since they took out the trash. Let me show you how to take out the trash, and you're going to have to do it a few times, but what unfolds is your best life ahead within a year. So, you're going to teach me how to take out the trash? Yeah. The trash in my own brain. Yep. And if I take out the trash in my own brain, how is my life going to be better? You live in the 21st century, where there's lots of processed foods and lots of ways that your body did things without telling you. So, any injury that you've had, like a joint injury that keeps coming back every time you injure it, it is a little easier to injure the next time. Is there a ring around the middle that's more more than pinch an inch? Is there a uh, distance in time where you say, "I can focus for this many hours, but I can't do it for this many hours anymore"? Those are all places where if you did this, if you were able to say, "Don't stop taking out the trash several times a year, several times a month if you ask me." Then you never have to come into this world that I just see people they're they're in quicksand, they're up to their waist. And getting them out, they need a real lifeline. And what are the current solutions people are typically offered when they're feeling, you know, all the the ways that you described there, where they just don't feel good, they have brain fog, they're they might have chronic pain setting in in various ways. What are the typical solutions that medicine 2.0 would offer them? Yeah, especially if they have good insurance. Yeah. That doctor is going to be with the covered insurance plan, and he's going to say, "Tell me the symptoms. I have a matching game. I will give you the drugs that will take away that one, and take away that one, and take away that one." What is always a downside is, well, play that forward for 10 years. Play it forward 5 years. And are the symptoms gone? No, but it will bridge and hold up the architecture of the body and the human without actually fixing the problem without actually diving in and say you got some chemistry problems under the hood that you don't measure and you don't talk about. But if you did even if you're not perfect, even if you're 70% you're going to find yourself at the age of 54 with vitality and energy and sleeping through the night and not having what every other 54-year-old which is chronic joint pain, a brain that can only focus for 3 to 4 hours without a break, a a stamina of endurance and health and and joy that falls apart. So when I'm you're 54 years old, when I'm 54 years old, I want to be as young and energetic and articulate and cognitively astute as you are. So what should I be doing now to make sure that I don't decline, decay in all those areas I described? Oh, what did you have for breakfast? Today? Yeah. Um I have not eaten breakfast yet. Okay, that's not a bad thing, but when you're 54, you should probably put the calories in the morning, not at night. We know that as you age, the cost of a calorie turns into timing. If you eat that food one bite of food after 6:00 is worth 10 bites of food before noon. So if you're trying to say how do I get the best out of the nourishment, but also eating's fun, if you only get one bite after 6:00 and 10 before move that food towards morning. When you're your age, what did you have for what's the last meal you ate? Yesterday? Yeah. Uh for dinner I had this cod and I had salad. I also had pasta. Okay. But I ate pretty late, which is about 9:00. What did you have the rest of the day before that? Was that your first meal? >> Just a big salad. Was that more towards lunch or noon or Probably about 4:00. So waited all the way till 4:00 to eat. Very common. This is a really common pattern of people doing what we would say intermittent or time restricted eating. They put that eating window in this, but it's got that balloon at the end of the day. Yeah. And it really does I mean what you're stimulating is an excessive production of insulin. And you're going to wake up the next morning. What time did you wake up this morning? Today? I went to bed fairly relatively early for me. I woke up at about 7:30 a.m. Oh. Usually it's later. And do you have Did you have a solid 7 8 hours of sleep or how? Yeah. So during that time uh you finished eating around 10:00 then it sounds like. Yeah. Okay. So then it's 7:30 >> Maybe a little later. Okay. So 11:00 and you've got uh 7:30 in the morning is when you woke up. So that's about 8 hours since you've eaten. Your insulin is still churning. Especially if the meal was large and there was carbs in it. So now you've got these processed foods late at night and you're at the beginning of the disease, right? You're at the beginning of the chronic inflammatory churn of how do you age faster and faster? You don't do that. You don't have high insulin throughout the night. So can you explain to me like I'm a 12-year-old what insulin is and the role it's playing cuz you know I guess we're focused here on how to I guess longevity aging for a second, but how does insulin play a role in all of this and what is insulin? So insulin insulates. Okay? So think of it as it makes you fluffy. It makes you It puts the fat on. Uh it's got some other roles, too. But we're going to talk about chronic diseases here where it's not a scarcity problem. You You make plenty of it. And when it's in excess, it will store energy for when you go through a famine. It will also cause you to grow. Now grow means get a little fatter, but it also means things like their skin gets a little thicker, they have skin tags, and what I always think about is what's going on in their brain. And when that insulin is high for years and years and years uh just like yours, because if if you didn't eat the rest of today and then you got up tomorrow morning, it would be about that long after a late meal last night, that's how long it would take you to say, "Okay, we're back down to where we started from or where we should be in the morning." For someone that's never had the insulin before, there's some context to give on in terms of what it's doing. So, it's coming out like a transporter and helping put away the sugar or deal with the excess sugar. Right. So, it is what what Yeah, it lifts glucose or sugar from the circulation into a cell. That's its first primary job. But if all the cells are full, their storage is full, it's going to start to pack it into the liver. And then let's say all those stores are full, too. This job of the of insulin, this hormone oozes into every part of your body to say, "Make sure it's got full fuel. Make sure it's got that sugar." But most people are like what I would guess you are. Most of the time you don't you aren't in a shortage of sugar. And so, it fill it tops things off and then it will turn things into fat. It's too much sugar, they can't store it, all the storage is full. So, you can send the signal out, "Make me some more cells. I need some more storage units. This guy is eating more than he thinks he is. And we're going to be prepared to live through the famine." But in the meantime, turn it into fat. Make him a little fluffier. Is that the only consequence of high insulin is that I'm going to I might be a bit more fat? No, that's just the one people hear about the most. When you look at chronic disease management, it is the growth of of the diseases, of the inflammation. It's the making of the trash. So, I just keep saying, you know, you need to take the trash out routinely, which means that insulin, which has been smoldering higher than you think it is, because you live in today's world, because you eat processed food, because you eat super late at night, uh you don't go two to three days without eating. You've You've got storage filled in your body. The high insulin levels in a healthy person hides that the debris is being made and you don't know it. Yeah, it hides it. Yeah, it's going to put it in between two cells in your brain. It's going to put it in between the skin cells. The trash doesn't get taken out until the insulin gets lower. And unfortunately, most people have been making buckets of insulin without knowing it. Why? What are they doing to create buckets of insulin? All the things you said about >> Carbs. Um foods that comes from boxes and barcodes and bags instead of whole foods, instead of a fat forward diet which would then push that body into making ketones. So, you can't you cannot make a ketone if your insulin's high. Are there any signs that I might have high levels of insulin or insulin resistance? Abdominal girth is the first thing that is the first place that the fat goes. And so, you do this really great part where you don't eat until later in the day. Mhm. How does that feel during the day? During the day I feel really focused. I actually don't even know that I'm not eating. So, that's really good. So, what I would love to know is show me what your blood sugars are doing during the day and show me if you make ketones. That'll be The answer is you when you have excess insulin, which is this chronic disease maker, it is what makes cancer. It is what makes high blood pressure. It is what makes debris in the brain where call it depression or brain fog or Parkinson's. It's the aging of the brain. It's linked to all of those things. >> All of those things. And that excess insulin nobody tells you about. But, the symptoms are dang, I feel like I got to eat every two to three hours. Uh their debris or their fuel keeps running out. When you say, "Boy, I can eat once at the end of the day and I'm pretty good. My focus stays really good." What I want you to prove is what are your ketones during the day? So, when when you've got a patient who has done that, their ketones will be 0.7, 1.0, and they're taking out the trash all day long. So, there's these two energy sources. One of them is the glucose. One of them is which is from like, you know, eating pasta, which I ate last night. Um so, that probably put a lot of glucose in my my blood. I probably had a high glucose spike, and then insulin came out to deal with that. And then there's ketones, which start to appear when I'm fasting or when I haven't been eating carbs for a while and my body's looking for an energy source. >> Yeah, when In terms of these two energy sources, there seems to be a lot of hype around ketones. >> Mhm. So, why doesn't our body just run off ketones? It will, as soon as you're done lowering your insulin. And I mean, insulin grew in these patients. They didn't know that it was growing high. They went to their blood test, and their glucose looked normal. What nobody checked for years is how much of that insulating hormone did it take to keep the glucose controlled. And that's where chronic diseases are are grown in spades. That's where autoimmune disor- >> The insulating hormone being insulin. Yes. >> Okay. So, that excess insulin for the last decade, had you come into my clinic, we'll put a label on it, call it PCOS, call it high blood pressure, call it autoimmune problems. All of them are linked to high insulin. Glucose, when you want to store it, we put it in a fancy string called glycogen. And it's just an efficient way to store glucose, but as soon as your body needs it, it will unlock all that sugar back into your access back for you. >> Mhm. What you don't realize is, well, how much glycogen you got stored over there? How much is there in storage? And that is what high insulin has been doing. Just put it in storage, put it in storage. And then, when you stop eating, you'll know if you emptied out all your stored sugar, which is some of the regular sugar you just ate, but then all this glycogen, this packaged sugar. How empty are you? I don't know. Have you made a ketone yet? You cannot make a ketone. You cannot burn fat until that that tank is empty. Okay, so I have these glycogen stores which last for well, a day or two. Oh, no. Think of it as brown sugar. So, you package the sugar really tight. Then you put it in the back of the drawer and it turns crusty cuz you never lowered your insulin. I have patients that are over overweight and we put them on a ketogenic we put them on a 20 total carbohydrates per day. So, super low carbohydrate. It is 15 days before they make a ketone. Okay, so it's it could be a a while it could be up to 2 weeks for example before my glycogen stores are empty. And it's not until my glycogen stores, my glucose stores are empty that my body can start producing ketones. Correct. So, it's going to exhaust all of those glycogen stores and then once it's run out, it's going to switch into this ketogenic state. Right. Yeah, so think of it as your short-term, easy to access sugar has to decrease. And that means your insulin has decreased. That hormone for insulin, they both run in tangents. You decrease your emptying glycogen, your insulin's going down. So, how do I know if I have insulin resistance? What are what are the key signs? You mentioned skin tags. I've never heard that term before. Yeah, skin tags are not moles. So, moles you can feel this bump on your on your skin, right? But a skin tag has a neck and like a little mushroom. And it's the most annoying thing when patients come and say, "Well, I just tried to cut them all off, but they kept bleeding." I'm like, "Do not cut them off." They'll fall off when your insulin's lower. So, that's the first place. It'll be found in their armpits or places where the skin rubs. So, armpits and their groin. And once insulin starts to grow them, it's like a crop. A crop a little baby cauliflower hanging out in their armpits. You talked about velvety skin >> Yes. as well being an an indicator. Velvety skin is this Latin word acanthosis nigricans, which is fancy word that means the skin is darker and thicker. So, the the places that usually happens is the back of the neck. And you'll hear, you know, stories of I tried to wash my neck. It's It's dirty all the time. It's not dirt. It is the way the skin is under the the curse of high insulin. And you see it in teenagers all the time now. They put on weight and their growth hormones are already doing that teenage thing. Now, you put high insulin in there and they have this dirty neck syndrome. Or on the creases of their elbow. It's just darker here. Uh that is pathology. That's not normal from high insulin. You talked about weight changes as well. What What's this thing about hairy toes that I was reading about? >> Right. So, as my patients age, so most my 55-year-olds that have had high insulin, I will tell them, look at your toes. They're supposed to have hair on them. And when your body has had that high insulin state for a couple decades now, it will start to say, we don't send resources to a couple parts of the body anymore. And the follicles in their toe are one of them. Like, you just stop growing hair on your toes. And there's an ascending problem with this where the toe starts, then it's the ankles, then it's up to the knees, and they don't have hair anywhere on their lower extremities. It is a process that started from high insulin. What about aging? You talked about how if you have high insulin, there'll be an impact on your aging. Now, I'm thinking about, you know, I'm getting a couple gray hairs now. I'm thinking this is because of my insulin levels. I I have seen patients that have reversed their gray hair on a ketogenic diet. It blew my mind. They asked me for the reason why that happened and I thought, well, um the cells are healthier that are making your hair. That's all I got. Um aging is exactly that enemy, which is they are going around the sun with more growing of the trash than they needed. So, that high insulin, they don't know about it. They've not produced a ketone in years, and that chronic disease is now difficult to get their the eye to clean out. It's difficult to get that brain trash removed. And you're supposed to do it every night when you sleep. It's not supposed to be behind this far. You're two decades from taking out the trash in your brain. That's aging. How do I first start even know my ketone blood levels? Well, when when a patient first comes in saying, "How do I begin?" I want them to tell me what they had for their meal and then say, "How many carbs do you think that was?" Because this education like an apple is 20 g of carbs, 15 g of carbs for some of them. And we're going to ask you in the first 6 weeks to take your carb intake down to less than 20. 20 total g of carbohydrates or less is where we begin. And again, I do this in a medical grade. There are people who play with the ketogenic diet, and there are people who try to reverse medical problems with a ketogenic diet. In order to do this, it is not a lazy kind of keto. You have to actually be on the same team as me using data to reverse this medical problem. And how how does one measure the blood ketone levels? Yeah, I I think blood is the best. There is a way you can measure them in a in urine. The burning of fat, if you turn that string of fat into ketones, there are two destinies for that. You either put it into a mitochondria and turn it into energy or you pee it out. So, especially when they're early in a ketogenic journey, they're they overshoot. Evolution said, "Don't let them die. Turn that fat into energy. Help them through the famine." So, the excess ketones they make end up in their urine. We call them pee tone strips, and they're cheap and easy, and we don't have to cross that barrier of somebody pricking their finger at the beginning. So, they're going to pee out ketones every day as long as they're not chronic insulin resistant. So, if I avoid carbs for a sustained period of time, which could be a couple of days, it could be up to 2 weeks, eventually my body's going to say, "Listen, we need energy." So, it's going to start burning my fat stores. >> Yes. You know, from some of that fat around the midsection, and it's going to start turning that into ketones, which are a different type of energy. Are there any reasons why ketone as a source of energy is better for me in terms of performance other than the insulin reasons that we've talked about? Like, are there any other parts of my body or my health that benefit from ketones? >> For starters, when you're burning a ketone, there's less trash. Okay? It is a cleaner fuel with less byproduct, especially as you age. So, you get the longer energy, and you have less debris floating around. You hear the word antioxidants all the time. Well, burning ketones is an antioxidant state. It is a and it's in the space where you need it, which is inside that cell. Uh you swallow antioxidants, and you have no guarantee that they end up where they're supposed to. So, number one, the fuel is reducing trash at a cellular level, it lasts longer, and it penetrates through that blood-brain barrier to fuel a brain that even if it's insulin resistant, it can use a ketone. So, the problem with somebody who's chronic insulin resistance, their brain needs a lot of glucose to stay on online. And I can try to get it there, but insulin is constantly fighting that. It's a war to try and keep the glucose in their brain. My hack is ketones will go right around that. It doesn't need the same transporters to get across the blood-brain barrier, and especially to fuel those cells in the brain. So, for performance, um I mean, name a game where you don't use your brain. There isn't one, right? You're You're going to If you're looking at performance to say, "Let's begin with the sharpest brains and the most focused, the most disciplined, the less um impulsivity. All of those things improve when that brain is being fueled with ketones. So, let's focus on the brain part then. So, what have you personally noticed as someone who I assume is in the ketogenic diet right now? Yes. What have you noticed the variances between when you're in a keto diet and when you're not? Right. Well, I've been doing this since 2015. So, um the onset of it was really messy, but uh the seasons where I would do a great job and then I would think, "Ah, I'm fine." Uh I I mean, I can tell you you see 25 patients in a day and I feel bad for the last five. Uh they've got a they've got a sluggish brain. I don't care how much coffee you've got in you, you can't keep that focus for that length of time. Um when you're in a ketogenic state and not in a ketogenic state, uh the the the brainpower, the concentration, the ability to keep your mood controlled is is just it is a night and day difference for most people, but uh I think especially for me like uh I'm pretty high energy and when it runs out, I get crabby. Uh and that's not a good place to be if you're the patient. Yeah, I think I've noticed that as a podcaster, but I've also had a lot of very well-known podcasters say the same thing, which is the variance in their ability to speak and articulate themselves and think and sit here for 3 to 4 hours having a conversation is night and day when they are in a fasted ketogenic state versus or on a ketogenic diet versus when they are in a higher carb diet. Right. And it's so profound to me that I that I almost wonder why like more people don't Oh, it's it's insane. Like one of the best things that I've done in 25 years was I went out on a limb and said, "I'm going to try and teach 200 people at once how to do this intense ketogenic diet for 3 weeks." Uh it is hardcore. This is not playtime. You're checking your numbers every day and you're comparing them to your classmates. And what you get to see in this class of 200 people going with an extreme ketogenic diet is the testimony you just said. I cannot believe how good I feel. By the end of 3 weeks, they're naming babies after me. They They think this is a miracle. And I'm like, exactly. I mean when you do it in a group like that, I don't need to advertise. They tell their friends. They tell their Like if you want to be on a ketogenic diet that really wakes up your brain. I didn't think I could do this. I thought I was too old for this level of energy. And it's there within 3 weeks of doing it right. How long does it typically take on average for someone to feel those brain benefits from doing the ketogenic diet? Typically, how long does it take you? Me? Yeah. I rarely go out of it. Meaning I I might have a couple of days where I fly to LA and have a fancy meal and then I need to be back on it. It just doesn't feel good anymore. So, but let's go let's go to when I was overweight, okay? So, you say who's insulin resistant? Any person who's had a baby. Okay? You have to be insulin resistant to hold that baby for 9 months. Okay? So, I had three of them and then the weight never came off on that third one. So, here is an insulin resistant person at 40-something years old and I am probably 60 lb heavier than I am now. And the first time it it I tried to get into a state of ketosis for like 9 months. I was about to give up on Like why can I not be a ketone? Why does every I mean I'm a doctor. I'm trying to use this for my brain patients, but I'm afraid to tell them about it cuz I personally cannot keep be a ketone. I mean I was trying to follow 50 carbs, then I tried to do 30 carbs, and then I tried to do none, but I just couldn't make it long enough into that ketogenic state. And what had happened is at least a decade of high insulin. Three babies, full practice, busy life, you know, on call, those kinds of things that are all dangerous if you're going to try to have a peak brain. I took my kids on a 22-mile hike around the city on Memorial Day in the name of troops' mental health. And I said, "If I am not peeing a ketone after walking 22 miles, having fasted for a day, then I'm for sure that this diet is a phooey." So, that's how much energy it took for me to pee a ketone. Because I was very insulin resistant. I had been making excess insulin for a decade, and I'm a doctor. I I should have known that. My sugars are fine. My hemoglobin A1C wasn't bad. But that excess insulin, that stored sugar, that stored glycogen, it took forever to get that low. And only after I fasted and then walked 22 miles did I pee a ketone. So, I When you ask the question, "How long does it take?" I don't make a I do a much better job now of telling people how to get there cuz I I almost gave up thinking, "This is junk science." If you if you were to eat a high-carb meal now and take a couple of days off, how long would it take you to get back into a ketogenic state where you have those brain benefits now? Uh I could probably flip back in within 12 hours. So, that's how long it roughly takes for someone who's got a bit in better metabolic shape, it will take a couple of days. Mhm. Um is there a downside to living in ketosis the whole time? Because people often say when you talk about the ketogenic diet that it's not sustainable. Yeah. I I hear that a lot, but I have thousands of patients that have been doing it for years. And what happens is uh as soon as they exit from the ketogenic diet and they start to feel the trash build up again, meaning the joints that didn't hurt forever now hurt. The vision that was super clear is now foggy again. The brain that wasn't irritable and depressive is back to doing those things again. I mean, it is within a week or two that I mean, I like to think of when you're in a ketogenic state, you ring out that inflammation and trash in their brain, and the brain is like crisp. It is doing a great job. And when you put the sugar back in, the swelling goes back into their brain. Insulin and water flood the body, and it's almost like a minor concussion. And their brain is not working right, and they now know it. And is there any other benefits to being in a ketogenic state? You mentioned strength briefly. Yeah. So, when you're looking at do you do weightlifting? Yeah. Okay. So, when you weightlift how's grade your soreness on the day after your like lifting day? Um if I've been using that muscle consistently, there's no real soreness. Good. So, let's just take a day where you're pushing it harder. You're deadlifting harder, and you've got a strain in those muscles. One of the key components for repairing that as quickly as possible is is to be in a ketogenic state, to take that inflammation way down. And you probably didn't need the help of repairing that muscle when you were, you know, 18, 22, but as you get into the 30s, and especially into the 40s, the amount of inflammation that tries to help you repair that, it overshoots. And that's where the chronic pain's from. That's where the delay in repair comes from. So, when I look at power and muscle training, I the first place I talk to my patients about it is how many days does it take you to get back to to feeling good after you've had an injury? Uh let's let's be on the side of a ketogenic setting where your inflammation is super low, and when you tear something, which you're going to tear things when you're lifting heavy, the repair part is so quick. The power is a little hard to talk about. If you want me to go there, I can. Uh Yeah, so is there is there going to be any impact on my my ability to train Yeah. if I'm in a ketogenic diet? Am I going to be impacted in terms of endurance or strength or power or anything like that? So, we looked at this in um in military people. Uh it's one of the my favorite ones where they are all insulin resistant. And we put them on a ketogenic diet, and so they're trying to meet the standards. And at a month of being in a ketogenic state, they've lost weight, but their power and time didn't do anything too sexy. Then you look at those same soldiers at a year or I think it was 6 months was the next time they did another big check. Uh and by golly, they've lost even more weight, and their power is about 20% more than their counterparts. When they get to 18 months of a ketogenic diet, their power is almost 50% more than what their counterparts were. So, let me explain that. As you're looking at a muscle, it will choose which fuel it wants to use. And when you've been glucose using when you're on a non-ketogenic diet, it's going to use glucose first to fuel. But if you can train it to to use fat in that training, it's a longer, better fuel with less inflammation, and um especially in a a state where it will use both fuels quickly. That takes time. I mean, it takes And what I tell patients is, you'll love me in 18 months. You'll think I'm pretty great at 6 months. But if you're trying to run a marathon and we're only 3 to 4 weeks out, you should not start a ketogenic diet. You're going to think it's the worst thing ever. It's meant to train muscles to use fat, and that takes time. And is there a link between some of these cognitive degeneration diseases like Alzheimer's, dementia, etc. and the ketogenic diet? Cuz I know that there's been some research that's underway and has been done to try and establish causality of Is there a link here? Yeah, you know, it's one of the saddest places where if you look at what patients regret in life, they come into the clinic, and they're already starting to say, "I was driving the other day, and I I got lost. And when I hear that, we are 15 years too late. It is 15 years of building up trash in that brain that we have to clean out that debris. And I had the privilege of an amazing story that taught me I don't have the gift of, you know, seeing into the future. Am I going to reverse these Alzheimer's before they show up? We don't have the research for it. Um but I have a lot of clinical experience saying, "Boy, they are so much better." I don't know if their memory is going to stay this good. We're only 3 years into a ketogenic diet, but it's way better than when it started. And then I had a Down syndrome patient at 40 years old uh in my practice. So, her mother came to see me first. She said, "I I want to try this ketogenic diet. Um I've been helping my daughter who's has Down syndrome. We've lost 100 lb uh because the doctor said that she might do better if um if we lost some weight." And it's not an uncom- uncommon thing to see they have advanced insulin resistance and advanced Alzheimer's earlier in life. So, it's a great uh place to study Alzheimer's because they have a a more rapid onset of it. So, the woman comes, she's lost 100 lb, and during that time her mental cognition got worse. So, now she's got 100 lb down, but none of those brain things are better. And I said, "All right, if we're going to do this with your daughter, we're going to make sure we're pricking your finger. It's not going to be fake. We're going to do a real ketogenic diet." So, the mom starts on a ketogenic diet, and I think both her and mom are genetically super powered to make ketones cuz they have ketones of like three within a couple of days. Which is the average would be >> Like one. If I If they hit one in a few days, I'm thinking, "Good job." And the mom calls me at the end of the week saying, "Do you think it could possibly work this fast?" She is She's, you know, doing the little jobs that she used to do around the house. And I said, well, call me again in a week. Let's see how she's doing. And the mom goes, the most profound thing just happened. I've taken care of this girl for 41 years. And I asked her the other day if she was doing something. She wanted to go to the church with me, which means she left the house. And she was at the church and she was giving her instructions to do this, go around here and put it over there and give her a little job. And she said, do you understand? And the girl replied, I understand. I said, what's the big deal? And the mother said, she had never said a three-syllable word in her whole life. Two syllables is all her brain could ever put together. For the first time in her whole life, 3 weeks on a ketogenic diet. And this Alzheimer's diagnosed patient who had Down syndrome now had a brain that was not only working great, it was doing the best mom had ever seen it. And on a ketogenic diet, not only did she lose about 15 to 20 more pounds, but her world opened up again because her brain, which had Alzheimer's, no longer had that diagnosis. I was looking at some of the supporting studies around this, around the impact that can have on the brain. And studies show that in dementia, especially in Alzheimer's, the brain struggles to use glucose efficiently. Ketones provide an alternative clean fuel source. Um ketogenic diets can boost mitochondrial function and energy availability in brain cells. Keto lowers systemic inflammation, which is linked to slower cognitive decline. Um ketones may protect neurons from damage and promote the growth of new neural connections. And Alzheimer's is something called type 2 diabetes, which I've had a lot um and keto improves insulin insensitivity, potentially reducing this risk. And lastly, small studies show temporary improvements in memory and cognition in people with mild cognitive impairment or early Alzheimer's, but the evidence is early stage. Long-term adherence can be hard and the diet isn't suitable for everyone. Uh for example, underweight people um and people with certain medical conditions. Right. So, how do I measure my blood ketone levels? Uh, is that what are these devices are here on the table? >> Yeah. I mean, when I look at um uh giving patients the freedom to say don't don't come to me for the things that I that you can do at home. First thing is be willing to check data. Okay. >> Okay? So, blood way better than any other way to measure this. We're going to be able to see Should we have a contest which one's better? Yeah. Okay. Okay? So, you want to go first? Okay. So, what I'm going to do here is I have a finger prick here which is going to take some blood. Just going to prick my finger. Then I have this little reader and I also have this little strip here which I'm going to put my blood on to. And within a couple of seconds, it's going to tell me how many ketones I currently have in my body right now. And so, we're going to look at that at the same time as your blood sugar, which is how you can measure insulin. It's the best proxy for saying how high is his insulin. So, put both of them in there before you go cuz then you don't have to just prick yourself twice. Okay. So, A blue one is going to measure the ketones and a brown one is going to measure your glucose. Okay. And this device, how much does it cost if people want to buy it at home and start pricking their own Yeah, I think there's a kit that comes with about 50 strips so you can have ketones and glucose at the same time. I'm guessing it's around 70 bucks or maybe it's 60 or 70 dollars. I They have quite the Now, put it all in. There you go. And so, they'll still It'll lights on the other one, too, right? Perfect. Okay. So, prick your finger. Best to do it on the side of your finger cuz there's less nerves there. There you go. Good job. Okay. So, I'm going to put my blood onto this one, which is the keto reader. And it'll it'll count down uh see I think it's about My glucose is 86. Takes more blood for the keto one. And my keto levels are 0.9. >> 0.9. Okay. So, that's a Dr. Boz's ratio of 86 / .9, which is probably like 95 or something, like 90 five-ish, right? So, my glucose level's at 86. Is that high or low? That's good. Uh so, I would say that's not low, it's just good. Okay, and my ketone level's at .9. Right. So, when you look at them in comparison, like you want to have a blood sugar that's not triple digits, so that's very good. And the closer the higher you are above .5, the better the result. So, that's a pretty good number. So, if I'm in ketosis, >> Mhm. what reading would I have on this ketone meter? .5 or greater, but it would be also that you have that reading without a triple-digit blood sugar. So, when I look at the combination of them, I do a little math and say, "Your Dr. Boz ratio is like 95." So, you are burning fat right now. Okay. >> Okay? So, that's a good sign. When I am trying to help people who are trying to undo cancer or autoimmune or brain injuries, they have to have a better Dr. Boz ratio than that. Let's do your readings to see where you're at. All right. Drum roll. 83 and 1.7. How are you at 1.7? What have you done? So, I've learned I would love to be 33 again and be able to eat that late at night. You said that I'm like, "Oh, it's been a while since I've eaten that late at night." It's probably the hardest thing to teach my patients too is like, "You don't appreciate how much insulin you make that late at night." Now, you're still in season where you get to just kick your heels and enjoy youth. But, at my age, you cannot do that. I can eat in the morning. I can have good calories of high fat and good protein in the morning. And I've learned to stop eating somewhere around 3:00 in the afternoon. Um in fact, if I Yeah, I know. >> 3:00 in the afternoon, you stop eating? That's usually the case. You know, what what's really hard though is how much of your life is social. Like you said, "Oh, there was this dinner party last night and I had pasta." And you're like, "Yep, uh that would be something I have to teach my patients. You have to say no to that. You cannot be eating at 10:00 at night if you want your insulin to not to not do that debris thing. And boy, when their memory isn't going well, when their friends are dying of uh memory problems, you know, it's I don't like using fear tactics. I don't think they last very long. But it is such a reality of poor performance that I can't do that. I cannot eat at 10:30 at night. What is it about being asleep that causes the sort of dysregulation? Like, what is it about it doing it at night? So now it's going to take that metabolic curve and in order to to store all of the part that gets stored and then turn the part into fat that needs to be tucked away and get back to baseline, it's going to be 8 hours, at least 8 hours. >> Which is fine. Right. >> Because I don't eat till I'm probably not going to eat till 2:00 p.m. >> Right. Well, you you missed one part. The sun will rise. When the sun rises, even if you're in solitary confinement, you cannot see the sun. Yeah. Your brain knows that the sun just went up and cortisol rises. Okay. Cortisol leaves your brain, goes to the liver and says, "You know that stored sugar, that glycogen, release." You make glucose first thing in the morning. How much glucose? Depends on how insulin resistant you are. So you're going to you're going to have an uneaten meal when you wake up in the morning. Glucose has been stored for the this purpose. It's going to wake you up. It's going to give you the energy when sun rises to to fuel you. If you got a bunch stored, you're going to have a high blood sugar. Can we do Jack's ketone levels? I'd like to know what what Jack is at. >> Ooh, let's do that. What's Jack do for a for his We're about to find out. I don't think I'm going to No, wait a minute. Is Jack the one that did the VO2 max with Peter Attia? That was me. Well, you know, peak brain performance is my thing and one of the hardest brains to heal are chronic runners. That trauma thing is real. Like, it's so hard to explain to them, too. If you're a vegan who runs, ooh, you're in trouble. 95% of vegans that listen to this podcast frequently don't subscribe. All right, so his glucose is 88, not too bad. Ketones, boo. Absolutely. Yeah. That's an example of he is making trash. There's no trash going out. So, his ketone level is what .1 and his blood sugar is 88. So, if you take 88 divided by .1, it's like what, 1,000 or something? It's really high. 888, probably. That is a lot of trash being made. When that Dr. Boz ratio is high, you can't take it out. >> to say that to his face? I mean, I feel like I just think that when Peter Attia did that and said, "Oh, I had no idea." I'm like, you could have just checked this first thing in the morning for 5 days. If you have that kind of a Dr. Boz ratio, you're insulin resistant. You're insulin resistant. You have to be hitting that in a routine regular interval in life to not have those problems. To have osteoporosis at such a young age, a ketogenic state would not allow that. You would be using the resources much better. He actually did a test, it turns out he doesn't have osteoporosis. Oh, good. But that was >> shocking. Yeah. I was like You shouldn't have osteoporosis at your age. No, I think that was a misreading because of this kind of um Right. >> But on this on this point in particular, his ketone levels are 0.1. So, he's basically running off glucose. >> All glucose. And and so, why is that happening? Okay, whatever he ate, the insulin went up. So, let's say he was your exact same eating pattern. He ate last night, he had the 6-8 hours of sleep, the cortisol said, "Oh, the sun's rising." And it rose his blood sugar a little bit. Okay, when the sugar's high, you can't you can't your insulin's going to be high, too. You're not making ketones. When I did these this keto test with most of the team here. They were all around that region. They were were in the region of 0.1 ketones in their blood to 0.3. Welcome to my clinic in 10 years. That is trash being made, never being taken out. And so you'd say to them, you need to do some fasting, you need to You need to cut carbs. Yeah. I mean, if you're looking for a quick Okay, if they're in their 20s, I mean, I have three kids, right? And they have heard this chirp for 10 years. Uh I mean, how I got into this was my mother was very sick and she was sick because of a high insulin problem that caused cancer. So, we put her in a ketogenic state and everybody in the family got on board. So, here is three little boys who no longer have candy around. Now they're in their young 20s and for the first time they're actually listening to say, "Gosh, Mom." One of them's at Georgetown. He has to read for long periods of time for Georgetown Law School. And he's like, "If I'm not in a ketogenic state, I can't keep the focus." And I said Yeah, I said, "Well, how are you doing that?" At first, he tried some of the supplements, okay. But what really happened was he cut the carbs down and said, "I can say no to that because of the sustained brain power." I mean, it's really easy in your early 20s to do this. Cut the carbs even to 50. But prove to yourself that you made ketones and that return on your dividends is you won't be seeing me in 25 years. So, you have this idea of this keto continuum. Mhm. What is the ketone continuum? I read about it. I mean, it's it's a book here I have which you published in 2020 called The Ketone Continuum Consistently Keto for Life. Right. So, the keto continuum is this 12-step process Right. to get into a consistent keto >> Consistently keto. Yeah, that you're constantly taking out the trash. The first part is the beginner. Okay, so the first part, the beginner section, has four stages to it. Right. What are What are those four stages? Well, I like to tell patients that you never fall all the way off of the continuum. So, the first part the first step is really not keto, but it is that they're eating every two to three hours and if they fall off the wagon, that's usually where they land. So that's what most people start at. They're eating every two to three hours, they are not keeping their carbs less than 20. Step two is cut your carbs to 20. That's the only thing I need you to measure and you're going to be able to use a ketone strip, you know, measure ketones in your urine uh and that will ride you'll you'll ride a wave and that ketone production is happening, the fat-based hormones in your body are starting to resurrect, they're starting to do the things that they need to do and there'll be this magical moment in the not too near future where you skip a meal. And this that beginning stage how long does that last? I'll put this on the screen so everybody can see Sure. the continuum. Um how long does that initial beginner stage last for people? If they've been severely insulin resistant, this is the ones where I've said they took their carbs to 20 for for two weeks before they pee'd a ketone. So I use some other steps if that's how severe that is. But let's just take the average person. That's like not they're not 100 lbs overweight, they're hitting menopause and they've put on 25 lbs. When they drop their carbs to 20, they're peeing a ketone by the end of the week and they are missing their first meal by day 10. Okay, so day 10. And then it says when we get to stage five in the keto continuum, it says 16 80 16 8. Is that Yeah. So then we start to use time-restricted eating uh where I want we we're going to have your body will adapt. People say you can't stay on the keto diet because they go to step four and then they think that that's all they needed to do. There are several steps to reversing this problem and you'll know you have the right step if the ketones are still present in your in your blood. Your body will adapt though. So we start to say, all right, we're going to learn some new behaviors. We're going to learn what the nothing burger looks like at least for 16 hours out of the day. What does that mean? You do not eat a thing in those 16 hours. Now, I give them a little hedge because most people come in like you. They don't start eating until 2:00 in the afternoon and then they eat until 10:00. And I want them fat forward. I want lots of fat going in because insulin resistance, that high insulin state, means they've locked or they've insulated their fat on their body. And then we get stage seven where it says 23:1. Is that fasting for 23 hours a day and eating for 1 hour a day? >> And the there's a little bitty line between 16:8 and 23:1, but there's a whole bunch of life there. Meaning, we don't actually have patients go from 16 hours of fasting to 23. We have them slide it down by an hour, slide it down by an hour, and then we do that harder thing which is move it towards sunrise. Quit eating so late at night. And then the last stage here, so so step nine, 10, 11, and 12 is prolonged fasting between 36 and 72-hour fasting. Right. So, those folks that have high insulin for 20, you know, 15, 20 years, they're going to have to do a nothing burger for 36 hours in most of them to really give a good reset of their metabolism. And although you you look at other folks saying, "Oh, you should never do that if you're a woman. You should never do that over the age of 50." I'm saying you have too much insulin in your body. You have to do that to get the pancreas to make less insulin over time. On that point, between men and women, aren't there metabolic differences that need to be mentioned here? Because you know, when I sometimes when I do ketogenic fasting, my girlfriend, she takes much longer than me to get into a ketogenic state. And I'm wondering if her body is in some way trying to defend Mhm. the switch. >> Have you ever seen the the reality show Alone? Oh, no. I'm not a reality show guy. I'm not either, but they drop these people off in the middle of nowhere and they starve them to death. And you watch the fat come off of them. And the men, the fat just melts off of them. And the women, they do what your girlfriend does. It just holds on to them. That we are designed to have that fat on them. So, asking them to do a ketogenic state, you'll hear people say, "Oh, it's going to ruin your hormones. Oh, it's going to You can't do that." And um I would say you can have all those conversations once their insulin is normal. Well, I have lots of women in childbearing years that are excessive producers of insulin. And their vitamin D is low, their estrogen is low, they have hair loss on the top of their head, they have skin tags throughout their body, or maybe the first sign was they had PCOS. Okay, all of these are a sign that insulin came in and it's too high in their body. So, lowering it has rules. And if you want to have a baby, carry a baby, uh have uh the weight come off after you've gestated a baby, um have weight not be your enemy during menopause, you have to be making ketones at a routine and regular interval. And start with the food. Start with the menus in the kitchen. Don't run to the gym first. I've noticed uh in women in my life that they've told me that their menstrual cycles become more synced up when they are in a lower carbohydrate diet. Right. Their hormones can hear each other. I mean, when insulin is high, insulin dictates what that sugar does, but it also is the dictator for every morsel of fat. And estrogen, testosterone, vitamin D, they're all a derivative of fat, of cholesterol. And they are They're put into the fat cells. If you biopsy an obese woman and say, "Can I see is there any vitamin D hidden in there? Is there any estrogen? Is there any Yes, they're all in those fat cells. You start to lower their insulin and the fat mobilizes. So, the hormones that are naturally communicated between women, they can actually hear them again. I mean, that that tribal thing. If a woman were to stay in a ketogenic state permanently, would there be any disruption to her metabolic health? You mean like me? Yeah. Like you know, her menstrual cycles, her uh yeah, anything. >> No, I think it's You're going to find people that it shouldn't be extreme, meaning I've been on this for 15 years. The ketogenic phase is at least 20 out of 30 days uh in a month the first few years I was on it. Now at 55 uh menopause in the last year um I'm like without a ketone, my brain doesn't work right now without a ketone. Uh my energy goes to pot. And I've been walking women through menopause for 25 years. It is not a fun story when they're insulin resistant. So, prepare. Uh have the flexibility of that mitochondria to use both ketones and glucose, and that's what a ketogenic state is. Well, we have 12 cans of sardines here, and uh I I I wondered why you you brought sardines. What you >> Well, yes. That's a hell of a tool. Why? So, um when you're trying to help patients change behavior, Sorry, the sardine juice has gone on my iPad. Uh good luck getting that off. Yeah, sardines rank for uh the worst smelling, but they're not the worst tasting. Now when it comes to bitter in fish, they don't have the bitterness that tuna does. So. Tell me about sardines. Why why should I be eating sardines? When you're trying to teach patients, those stats that you read off a minute ago, they don't care. They need a very clear step on how do I begin. And when you're working with somebody who cannot seem to get their ketones to rise, and I give them a whole list of menus, it's too noisy. Let's take it down to one food that is high in fat, high in some of the best fats, high in protein, it's whole foods, and it's affordable for everybody under the sun. Okay, so you do you do you like a sardine fast? Yeah. So in fact that that 21-day we 21-day is that 3-week course where I say I will teach you how to do an advanced ketogenic diet where everybody will be peeing key or making abundant ketones. On day six uh I say all right, the only thing on the menu for the next 3 days is sardines. There's no eating window. You can eat as much as you want. There's no limit to the amount. And what I'm pushing them to do is not only eat a nutrient-dense food, but I want them to feel satiety. I want them to feel full. Do I need to be consuming a lot of fat as well? There's plenty of fat in there. But I mean generally cuz what this is one of the the fat Yeah. >> things that always puzzles me is I'll I'll go say I went a week without eating carbohydrates. Sometimes I'm still not in ketosis. And I think I heard somewhere that it's because my fat Right. So >> enough. So Yeah. So again, at the time you went you went 7 days without eating hardly any carbs, right? And you still didn't make a lot of ketones. Okay. So you had fat on your body? Yeah. Okay. So why didn't the fat get to your mitochondria? Excess insulin. Okay? You had been in a high insulin state. So if you swallow the fat, then you can turn it into ketones. Right now all your fat's locked under this insulin bed. If you kept going, it would eventually hit, but that's painful. I mean I have patients who do it for 2 weeks. So what you're saying? You're saying that I need to have enough fats? >> Yeah. So if you put the sardines in oil, uh that's a great high-fat, high-protein. Uh it's also a little easier to masticate the the meat. And you'll have high-fat, high-protein, and you'll have beautiful ketones by by 48 hours, maybe 72. And what what is the the composition of my diet in terms of protein, fats, and carbohydrates when I'm trying to get into a ketogenic state? Yeah, I don't let people get distracted by this, right? I say look at your finger. If it's got a high ketone, you have got enough fat and enough protein uh and low enough carbs. What most people have is the story you told. I've been doing this for 5 days. Why don't I make any ketones? And the answer is what is hidden behind the chemistry is too much insulin. You've got to have and so that's a great place to say put the fat up, keep the carbs low and the ketones will come. When you say put the fat up, you mean eat more fatty foods. Give me an example of the type of shopping list that if I was trying to get in a ketogenic state and stay there, I would have. Yeah, my one of my favorite things is pork belly, more eggs, beef brisket, ribs. Avocado? Avocado have beautiful marketing team, but they do have carbs in them and I've had people overeat them. Like I have four avocados today. I'm like, that's you're on the wrong bandwagon there. Avocado makes the list, don't get me wrong, but it's not a diet of mostly avocado with a sprinkle of chicken breast. That's not going to get you into ketosis. The fat has to be higher than that. Most of the time when I'm really struggling with a patient who just can't seem to make ketones, can't seem to make ketones and they won't do the sardines, I've said eat butter for a day. That's 100% fat. Okay, so you can just have increase the butter or Yeah, you could have that. Okay, so that Are there carbs in here? No. No. No, it's just fat. Mhm. Mhm. And it's not awful, but it is a great social experiment where they haven't felt what satiety feels like in a while. People talk about net carbs. They say, you know, an avocado has 12 g of carbs in, but it has 10 g of fiber, so the net carbs is two. If you've never had insulin resistant, you can do it that way. My patients have had high insulin and I don't play that game. It's got to be total carbs. Fiber is for farting. Do you recognize this photo of this lady? Oh, yes. Who is she? >> Why, she is just a great story. Jane had uh uh she had pathology with how she thought about food. Like many patients. She uh she had food as the way she coped with a lot of things. And as long as she was clearing her plate and using that food, it covered a lot of wounds. When you start to address some of these things, I mean, the ketogenic diet doesn't fail if you just follow the chemistry. The ketogenic diet fails when you have humans who've had wounds, who've had a history, who have stress, who don't sleep. And Jane was a great story where all the goodness in the world it couldn't undo some of that relationship she had with food. Uh so, the first time she one of the coaches that I used for that 21 day, and she just has the best outcomes cuz she was doing the a strong ketogenic diet, you know, for those 3 weeks twice a year. And she decided that after I think the third class, she was going to do sardines only for 30 days. And she writes me at the end of the 30 days, can't believe how great she feels. And really kind of addressed some of those demons associated with why she would eat what she would eat. And then life hit again, and she put on some of the weight again. Um she'd used sardines intermittently. And she called me and said, "All right, I think I'm going to do this again. I'm going to just go on sardines and really have a some come to Jesus moments on why it why it is that I do some of the things I do." I mean, it's a really vulnerable moment where you can hide those moments. You can never tell a soul what's really going on through your mind, and she was going to address them. And I said, "Well, I have a bone to pick with Joe Rogan. He has said some inappropriate things about sardines, like they're arsenic poisoning. So, I'd like to check a few blood levels in you before you start." So, I check her vitamin D, we check her arsenic, selenium, and a few other things. And she starts on her sardine challenge her sardine journey, and she goes 100 days. 100 days of only sardines. And not only does she first of all, her vitamin D, she did not take any vitamin D, she stopped her vitamin. It went from like the 30s and 40s up to just maybe over 100, 108 or something. Uh her selenium didn't do anything naughty. Her arsenic did not do anything naughty like Joe Rogan said it would. And she was able to um not only shed the pounds, but really say some truths about why she was eating so much. And she confronted the pathology about why why is she using food for those other things? You know, I do this thing in the 21-day where I ask them to find their best day in their life. And I'm trying to just get them to think about what does that feel like? What did What did that look like? And then we go to the worst day in their life. And Jane wrote something that really touched me. She said, "I don't think I've ever had the best day of my life." This was probably the third or fourth time we'd done that exercise, so she'd done it in a way where it didn't bring any extra attention, but she was she spoke a truth that just said, "I've had this fear for so long that for the first time I'm going to say out loud that I'm looking for the best day of my life, and I feel like I have the freedom to do it." That's what happened after 100 days of sardines. So, if she eats sardines for 100 days, she's probably not going to get like the gut microbiome. She has the best gut microbiome. Doesn't she need to be eating plants to Oh, no. Fibers for farting. So, you're looking at a gut biome, right? And so, tell me what you think that is. Uh lots of bugs that have been feeding on plants. Okay, yes. Pooterate has uh has part of that equation. So, gut biome is the slime layer inside your gut. It's where the critters live. It's where they set up homes and they If you have a really good slime layer, it's squishy. It's dense. It's not moth-eaten. It's not aqueous or water-like. It's squishy. And when you put plants in there, when you put fiber in there, it tears that down. Uh and you say, "Well, fiber's needed for this because some of those bugs eat up on the fiber and they put out some butyrate and that helps these other bacteria to to grow." You're like, "Yeah, that's one way to get a good microbiome." But we haven't been fiber eaters forever. And when you look at many of my carnivore patients, especially when they've got, you know, some of those little fish scattered into that carnivore diet, um their symptoms of irritable bowel, of chronic diarrhea, of, you know, bloody ulcers reverse. Why? Cuz that gut biome got a lot stronger and a lot healthier. So, the things that I from doing this podcast for a long time, the things that I'd I'd be concerned about if I just ate sardines for a prolonged period of time, or really any diet, I guess, for a prolonged period of time, a narrow diet, would be the fiber issue we talked about. Um and then all the other things that are just not in sardines. I mean, vitamin C. Yeah, you still get a lot good vitamin C. So, vitamin C has different rules when you go carnivore. What about magnesium? Yeah, lots of that. Uh magnesium I still think is one of the supplements we all need. What about the sodium overload? Cuz these are very salty, right? >> Your sodium churn, how well you use sodium, is dependent on how well you've eaten in the last week. So, when you increase the sodium, those receptors get better. When you decrease the sodium, those receptors shut down. That's a That is an adjustment that everybody will make. What about things like mercury and the other sort of metal toxins? >> Little fish, little problems. You got the right one for mercury. Again, we tested that for her, too. 100 days, no problem. Are there especially in the can, as well? I I think I've got a bit of an issue with canned food these days because I've heard so many >> Microplastics. Microplastic toxins, etc. I think you're majoring in the minor leagues there. That the the amount of benefit that people get from sardines versus whatever might be in those in that can. I tell patients not to worry about it. And then the last point I said was about digestive and mood issues because the that microbiome is so So linked to brain, absolutely. Serotonin, isn't it? The the I mean serotonin is in the gut, but it's it's a huge part of like a GLP-1, GIP, they're all produced hormones in the gut that are hugely impacting your brain. And when you want GLP-1 to be made, have a strong thick microbiome. You do not need fiber to do that. You need butyrate. Butyrate is that two-carbon uh fat that comes from Akkermansia, you know, chewing up the fiber, right? Or beta-hydroxybutyrate in your blood. That's that ketone thing you're got over there. Oh. These things. Yeah, all of them. Gosh, I forgot. There you go, yes. Keto It's a beta-hydroxybutyrate is what that is going to turn into your circulation. Butyrate is a fat chain that's two carbons long. That's what the you're asking that microbiome to say, "Here, this long string of fiber is coming along." And that that little bug is going to eat a piece of it and make butyrate, two carbons of fat. That's one of these things that you're talking about. You need to have butyrate. You need to have butyrate. That's what every every Why are you even invited? You got to have butyrate. All these, you know, experts come on my show and they talk about the importance of having a diverse I know. I I've watched a bunch of them. Diverse microbiome, yes. And what I think >> So it's not going to be diverse if I'm just eating one thing. Oh, yes, it will. In the same way. You know, what So that's the whole point of a microbiome is what what, you know, diverse enough to be supportive. I mean, diverse enough to have the the two-chain fat that you want to have in there. I mean, go back uh and and look at when our bodies were just eating um you know, fish or carnivore. Uh they the beauty of a microbiome is how much it does adjust in every patient. What about supplementation? What are the key supplements that you don't live without on a daily basis? Vitamin D turns out to be a a really important one. I If I'm eating sardines uh four or five cans a week, I probably don't need vitamin D, but Why is it so important, vitamin D? Yeah, it's a hormone, right? A hormone that goes and talks to every one of the cells in your body and it tells that cell to be its best version of itself. That hormone uh goes to the nucleus and it makes that skin cell do something different. It makes your brain cell do something different. It makes your heart cell do something different. You read all the benefits about vitamin D and you think it's like it's like it does everything. Like, well, how can it do all of these things? And the reason why is it is not just a vitamin, it's a hormone that changes how the cell functions. Unfortunately, it's made of fat. So, if you have high insulin, it gets stuck parked in your fat cells and it didn't get to the cell. Is there a link between vitamin D and ketosis and weight loss and insulin? Yeah, it's actually why I pointed out that when Jane did that 100 day uh she's been struggling with her vitamin D it in the 30s or 40s. Right. But for the best brain, we want it to be a 50. So, she starts on the sardine challenge, it's in the 30s or 40s, and she's supplementing. She's taking as much as she can. But what's happening? Her insulin was putting it in her fat. She goes on sardines, which have vitamin D in them. By the end, her vitamin D was 105 108, something like that. So, you can see the experts say don't go above 100, but the I don't I don't have any worry over hers being 108. What happened was she lowered her insulin and now fat can move around in her body like it's supposed to. And part of that fat isn't just her estrogen. It was her vitamin D. She looks like 20 years younger. Isn't it amazing? You should see how joyful she is. That's the part that you're like, what unlocked during those 100 days of you can say food restriction, but vitamin D went up, insulin went down, and she really said, "How many things am I going to comfort in my life from food?" And let's let's let's tackle that demon. Did it stick? Yeah, that's the cool part. The world of business looks entirely different today than it did 15 years ago. Back then building a brand meant having huge budgets, warehouses, office space, and lots and lots of staff. But now you can start a business with your laptop, an idea, and the right tools. And I would know more so than anybody else because that's exactly what I did. Shopify is one of our long-standing sponsors on this show, and they're a brand I often refer people to when they're starting their businesses because it's a tool that contains many more tools within itself. And when you're starting out, everything is everywhere. 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Uh ever seen pictures of people in the Dead Sea? No. Uh they're floating, right? This the salinity or the salt level is so high and it stinks, right? It's a stinky place. It's magnesium. So, they go in there, they soak in the magnesium and you're like, "Oh my gosh, I feel so much better." Like that's got to be junk science, right? Well, it turns out it's not. So, you can get magnesium absorbed through your skin and just like, I don't know, in the 1990s you'd go rent time in a tanning bed, you can rent time in a magnesium float. Any of this? So, omega-3, if you're not doing fish, uh you can't go wrong with omega-3. And you know, uh I Stephen, I really push my patients to have ketones around. What you When you say ketones, you mean external >> Exogenous ketones, yeah. So, what exogenous means external, externally consumed. There may be some on the table here. I'm an investor in this company, actually, so that's probably worth saying. Keto IQ. Um there you've got some other ones here, which are What's this? It's like a >> That's ketone salts. So, this one is just beta-hydroxybutyric acid. My husband is definitely allergic to stevia, so I said, "I'll make this one for you, honey." It's just liquid ketones. Okay. No No sweeteners, no fillers, nothing. >> And is there a difference between taking external ketones through a drink or through the salts or whatever else versus actually being in the ketogenic state because of your diet? When you make it, it is much more abundant. But when you do what people do, they fall off the wagon or they're very insulin resistant, so their body is trying to catch up to to equilibrate. You want ketones put back in circulation because it will spark their liver to make ketones. So, it really is a jump-start for patients with chronic insulin resistance, chronic problems. We got about, you know, 6 years of getting them to the healthiest version of themselves as long as they don't fall off the wagon. So, when they are doing okay and now they need to get back on the track. Give them a dose of ketones and by putting ketones in their circulation like that, by checking their blood, the liver will make ketones. So, it's not just a fuel, they will feel better. It's a signal for the liver to make more ketones. >> But I'm not going to be burning fat then, am I? You will. I mean, again, ketones beget ketones. When you are making ketones, your body makes more ketones. So, if you jump start it by swallowing some, you get better tomorrow, get a better tomorrow. And usually, if somebody's falling off the wagon, I'll have them do ketones for like 3 days and the fourth day they are on their own again and they'll stay steady for couple of weeks and then they'll have pasta. I I that's why I invested in this company because I'm actually a co-owner of the business now and because I saw the benefits of having exogenous ketones on a regular basis. Right. So, if anyone wants to try them, go to keton.com. And your brain will use it like that. I mean, it's beautiful, right? When I use my ketone reader, it appears in about 15 minutes or 20 minutes or so, so And their liver then makes more ketones for the next 12 hours. That's the part that I I especially for my cancer patients or people who are really I mean, we need ketones high for their They got chemo tomorrow, they can't afford to say go fast for $40, they don't have the time. So, let me help you and there's nothing better than going into that chemotherapy, going into that radiation with a bunch of antioxidants in circulation coming right out of your liver. Explain why that matters. I mean, I've got a photo here of a Grandma Rose. Grandma Rose. Yeah, that's my mother. Yes. She is the reason I'm here. Been 5 years. Yeah, 2015. The the most stubborn patient walks through the door after 10 years of the best health care I know how to give. And she's gray, she looks like a zombie. And she's got big lymph nodes in her neck. You don't need to be a doctor to know that she's dying. Cancer was back again. And we go to see the oncologist and he says you need chemotherapy and she says, "Like hell. The last two times you did that to me, I didn't know what a sewing machine was." And she made all of my clothes until I was the age of 10. And she's nervous because she has 6 months to live we don't do something. And she asks me a question that lots of patients have asked me this question and I just sometimes lie. She said, "If it was you, what would you do?" That's a really emotional question because there's guidelines, there's the rules, here's what you're supposed to do as the doctor. But when it's your mom. And I have I saw what chemotherapy did to her. It was terrible. She didn't know the grandkids. She didn't It was terrible. And we just got her back to functional again. And so I said I had been reading about the ketogenic diet on brain injuries and I'd come across a couple of studies on what it can do to a cancer patient, especially an insulin-driven cancer patient like she was. I said, "Mom, do you trust me?" I'm like, "A fool." She said, "With my whole life." We were standing there in the in the waiting room of the hospital. One way was to schedule the chemotherapy and the other way was the front door. I said, "Mom, let's get in the car together." I left my car there. I I to my family farm, which was 100 miles away. And I explained to my mother what a ketone was. And her brain wasn't working right, so she didn't quite remember. And we went to the house, we threw out every carbohydrate, and man, at 6 weeks with chemotherapy, her numbers were supposed to drop by 30% of her cancer. We didn't tell the doctor, we just put her on a ketogenic diet and said, "We'll come back in 6 weeks." And so she's walking through the door of the hospital at 6 weeks from there, and it is like God has uh just the Holy Spirit is rising out of her. She looks amazing. So we go to get her blood drawn. We're sitting in the waiting room for the for the cancer doctor. And he's my friend. He knows He's known me for 10 years, so I'm scared to tell him what we're about to do. So we're sitting in there waiting, and they come and draw her blood again, which either means it's really good or it's really bad. And so I get really nervous at the end. We've been in that room for about an hour, and I said, "Mom, if he asks you what you're doing, just shut up, cuz I don't know what to tell him." And he walks in, and he slides the piece of paper over to me and says, "How did you get her numbers to drop by 70%? There's no drug on the market that would do that." When you say numbers? Her cancer numbers. So the chemo would have dropped it by 30%, and the ketogenic diet dropped it by 70% in 6 weeks. And she went from a 70-year-old that looked 100 to a 75-year-old who looked 40. How did your your mother get on from that point onwards? Yeah, she she lived her best life. I mean, I talk about her being from this little town of 800 people, she was Mary Poppins. I mean, like you don't have a ladies aid unless you're a part of the ladies aid in the in the little small town, you don't have a Sunday school teacher unless you're doing the Sunday school. She was in every aspect of this little town. And she went back to doing all of it. And the pandemic hit and there's a thrift store that she would volunteer at because well, it's just a good place to put your time. And the community needs it. And while she was at the thrift store she got COVID. And her cancer was of the T-cells, which means it's going to be the first line of defense against COVID. And her her T-cells failed. Some of Some of the science behind this talks about how cancer cells often rely heavily on glucose for energy. A phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. The keto diet drastically reduces carbohydrate intake forcing the body to produce ketones for fuel instead of glucose. Healthy cells can use ketones efficiently. Many cancer cells cannot. So, in theory, keto could starve tumors while supporting normal tissue. And they've done some animal studies that show it can slow tumor growth in some cancers, especially brain cancers like glioblastoma >> Glioblastoma, yeah. enhance response to radiation or chemotherapy in certain models and reduce inflammation and oxidative stress creating less a less cancer-friendly environment. However, results are mixed. They may also benefit muscle mass and weight stability in patients losing muscle from treatment, may improve energy levels and mental clarity for some people and could reduce insulin and IGF-1 levels, hormones linked to cancer growth, may improve quality of life when used alongside standard treatments like chemotherapy. And there's also also a list of potential risks which I'll throw up on the screen. And I guess the summary here is keto may help by lowering glucose and insulin, reducing inflammation, and supporting that metabolism. But it can be risky if it leads to malnutrition, fatigue, or worse in treatment tolerance. One patient I got a lot of people calling and saying, "Is it going to help my cancer? Is it going to help my cancer?" And Stephen, I go back to the same thing. The amount of trash that you've not been taking out, we have to start. And when you put them in a ketogenic state, I mean, it really helped her cancer. It really did that Warburg effect. She was a a new human within 3 weeks. But she had a lot of trash to take out. This was a year and a half before she got to be the best version of herself. And it really did return and restore her to to health. When I look at patients now who say, you know, can is I am I going to reverse my cancer with a ketogenic diet? I'm like, no, but you are going to deal with it a lot better. I guess that's really what it comes down to. It's like creating a better environment. So that if disease does arrive, obviously there is a, you know, with a lot of diseases there is a causal element where the way we and our lifestyle does create the disease. Right. Um but also when that disease arrives, what like environment is your body in to deal with it? >> Amen. I think a lot about this. I think in part because of the pandemic where for the first time in my fairly young life, I saw that your current physiological environment, so your current the current state of your body, was the single biggest predictor of your outcomes. >> Amen. Oh, it was terrible. So I was like 30 years old and I was like, well, if you're currently overweight, your cha- chance of dying from COVID is really, really high. And so I think that was one of the big sort of protagonists in me getting into shape was realizing that, you know, disease is probably going to happen to me. But how my body responds to it is to be determined. Well, and I look at how much when you're asking an older person to lose weight. And you just read something really important there, which is when those ketones are in circulation, it is a signaling agent to make more ketones, but it also signals the body to say don't use muscle mass as a resource. Go for the fat. So you can see this protective I mean, you take people through chemotherapy and they have, you know, they shed way too many pounds, right? You put them in a ketogenic state and their muscle mass gets higher preserved, their brain function, their ability to handle this, you know, one of life's most enormous fears is death. And that mood stability and muscle mass protection, because they've got ketones in circulation, boy, that's the gift that they need right now in in high numbers. What is um I've heard you talk about methylene blue? Oh. >> For brain health. Ever done that? No. Oh my goodness. >> What is it? Well, it's old as dirt. So, nobody's making money on it. But it is a dye. And so, if you swallow it, you'll pee blue. But it's also a bridge for how to help mitochondria move fuel along. So, one of the worst parts, you asked me this question about supplements. And I really have a tough time saying which supplements actually get to the cells that the patients are looking for. There is a really great fact about methylene blue that when you swallow it, it actually was used for malaria treatment or anti-malaria for soldiers. And they would check compliance by making sure that their pee was blue. But when they died, at autopsy, they had blue brains and blue hearts. It would dye these organs blue. You say, "My gosh, that's so strange." But do you know what that tells me? It got to the cells that it was advertising it was going to get to. So, you look at methylene blue, it's supposed to supercharge your brain. And I'm like, "Yeah, yeah, yeah, I've heard this before." So, I've I read about it, and I'm like, "Wow, there is a lot of literature on this." And then I did what I normally do, which is, "Well, let me take it for a couple weeks." It was amazing. It was amazing. Like I I was floored at how well that little trick you worked. So, there's no money to be made on it. It's a It's been around as long as dirt. But it's a powerful brain energizer. Like it helps the mitoch- the electrical stimulus of the mitochondria in your brain keep energy high. Especially for like high energy brains, I I love it. I'm like I put that in my morning morning coffee. Which is where I the April Fool's joke, because nobody can see it in their coffee, but they definitely pee blue. And do you take creatine as well? I do take creatine, yeah. Yeah, it's great. That brain supplement is awesome. Do you do? I do, but I might talk to the other day, I think he was suggesting that I might have taken too much. Why? Some liver scan I had and he was saying that Liver scan or kidney scan? >> Kidney scan, that was Kidney scan. So, that's a trick. Don't don't fall for that. I mean, I've done a couple of big shows on this where creatine is what you're going to measure kidney function with. You know, when your doctor checked your kidneys, he probably had you pee in a cup and check your blood. Yeah. Yeah, so he's looking at what did you pee out and what how clean is your blood? That's what kidneys do. He just did a blood test. Okay, well, even the blood test, it the trash was looking like it was a little higher because the trash you're measuring is creatine. Uh creatinine, uh and which is made from your supplement. So, you put the supplement in and it looks like there's more trash around, but that's just the supplement. It's falsely elevated. It's not true. You your kidneys did not get hurt by that. This I answer this question probably 30 times a week. I have a standard email saying, "Here's what happened. Don't measure that." There's other ways you could have measured your kidney that would not have been manipulated by that supplement. Uh what it does for brain function, especially if there's any ADHD, man, they love it. They they just focus for a long period of time. I mean, it's got other great findings like if you how how often do you fly over to London? I fly a lot. Yeah, that's the best part about it is that the the the jet lag part of it is really good studies on this. Like, your reset of sleep is going to be augmented if you take like 20 g of it after the flight. 10 in the morning, 10 at night. Uh and those are great studies. Like, you know, Navy SEALs just sleep deprived, watch what happens when you add creatine. A lot of women don't take creatine cuz they've historically thought of it as like a bodybuilder thing. >> Right. It's a brain thing. And you take creatine every day. Mhm. How much do you take? So, two scoops. Yeah. >> Every single day. >> 7 days a week. >> I put my methylene blue in it, too. Down it first thing in the morning. I got blue-dyed creatine. I mean, those two supplements are just they they blew my mind with the amount of research out there, and then I did them. Uh I mean, I'm not a big bodybuilder. I do some crossfitty kind of stuff three times a week. Um so, there's that, but I do it for the brain The brain stuff is really impressive. At the moment in society, people are talking a lot about GLP-1s and Ozempic and all this kind of stuff. And um I was wondering if there's any harms or downsides in your view of using these Ozempic, Wegovy, GLP-1 protagonists. Antagonists, yeah. Antagonists. >> Antagonists, antagonists. Antagonists. And if there's a natural version for those of us that are looking to have less cravings. Um but but we don't want to take GLP-1s. We don't want to be injecting ourselves. Yeah, so those hormones are powerful. I mean, you if you think that weight loss isn't a hormonal problem, uh show up at a medical clinic. That That they are powerful hormones that hijack people into a healthier uh or at least a weight loss stage. But when you're looking at using this powerful hormone, okay, and use it for a short time, use it for a long time, what are the rules? These are brand new. One of the analogies I use for patients is Steven, if you wanted to have legs with no hair on them, how would you accomplish that? >> Shave them. Right, because that would be short-term, easy, and reversible. You would not take chemotherapy, the most powerful, amazing, they'll be every hair on your body will be off in the next 2 weeks. And it's short-term, they'll come back, but there's a price to pay when you're using a really powerful unit to do something for a vanity reason. So, it's where I like to begin when I talk about GLP-1s. It's It's amazing. You will lose fat and So, what do I do instead then? So, there's great ways to lower GLP-1s or great ways to raise GLP-1s, right? Uh for starters, um when you're overweight, it suppresses it a lot. So, getting the weight off is a huge part of it. That's why this ketogenic diet is so powerful. We'll get the weight off. And that will lift naturally the GLP-1s. Is there other ways to suppress um well, suppress to I was going to say suppress my appetite, but more to just get rid of the cravings. >> Well, you'll suppress the appetite by raising those hormones. So, you put in allulose, that's a great little boost to that. You put in butyrate. Whether or not that's the bug that you were talking about or the supplements. Butyrate increases and stimulates GLP-1. And butyrate just for for those that might not know that word again. Right. That's a That is what a ketone looks like floating around your blood. Okay. Yeah. Uh so, a ketogenic state will raise those hormones and suppress appetite. I've seen a bunch of studies on that that show that when people are high in ketones >> ketones, they have a a suppressed appetite. >> Right. And that is linked to the production of some of these hormones, these really great hormones. But, you make them naturally, and so it's not the addiction part. It's the natural way to make it. >> I I do find that anyway. I find that when I'm I guess it could be something to do with my dopamine receptors as well in my brain, but I find that when I'm in a ketogenic diet, my cravings for the things that I once craved, like I don't know, like carrot cake or cinnamon rolls, they just completely seem to vanish. That's the same thing that happens when you give them that shot, too. Oh, really? When you give them GLP-1? Yes. Okay. And I mean, the beautiful part is you're young. You'll make a lot of GLP- You've already made healthy GLP-1. You'll hijack and suppress it by being overweight and high insulin. So, constantly delivering ketones to your blood, that's how you keep it high. Then you don't end up on the shot, which is expensive and very powerful. I always think, you know, when we give people advice on things like weight loss, there's always a part missing, which is this part about like discipline and motivation or whatever one might call it, which is the is gives somebody the sort of activation energy to even stick to it. Do you think about this much in your patients? Do you think about motivation? It's huge. I mean, again, most people show up because there's been a recent crisis. Somebody died, they had a diagnosis, something broke, they didn't repair well. All of that is true, and I can get them motivated for a little while. And then we have the long game. You look at that story with 100 days of sardines, okay? That's 2 years into her journey, where she finally says, "Okay, there's this demon that keeps coming about, and I keep falling off for all the wrong you know, all the reasons everybody else does." And so she commits to this 100 days. And what happens is a whole bunch of things go right, her hormones go up, and she has an amazing story. But most people are not going to do that. So, in my practice, I do say these the smallest dose of these hormones, I'll help you when you're struggling. I want you in a ketogenic state before we we begin. I can use much less of that hormone, and then you have ownership of this. Because if I come in and do all of the work again, it's like every other thing I've been doing for the last 20 years. Here's your symptom, here's my diagnosis, here's the prescription. And I need it to be you that succeeds here. I'll lift you a little bit. So, what do you Is there any tricks to get someone to be motivated? Is there any Do you have to focus them on their why? >> Yeah. Exactly, right. You're right. Uh that that first trick is get out of crisis mode, okay? The crisis is what brings them in, but to stay the course, you have to get to a very serious moment where you say, "What What motivates me? What at the deepest heart am I most insecure about that I am going to do when all else fails? When everybody else gives up? I'm going to find something that I'm this little farm kid from the middle of nowhere, who was you know, third grade stinky girl. You know, like I was a farm kid. I was a hog farmer's daughter. I wasn't the smart one. I wasn't the, you know, the best one. I'm going to carry that insecurity with me until the day I die. What has that done? It makes me work really hard when everybody else gives up. Now, finding that for them and and using that using that harness to say, "Your biggest failure, your biggest insecurity can be your power by reframing it." And that why we work on that every time we do that 21-day. Jane, she did that four times before she really got to the core center. Why do you keep doing this? That's how people stay motivated. It's a true It's a truth serum. All I had to do was brain dump. Imagine if you had someone with you all times that could take the ideas you have in your head, synthesize them with AI to make them sound better and more grammatically correct, and write them down for you. This is exactly what WhisperFlow is in my life. It is this thought partner that helps me explain what I want to say, and it now means that on the go, when I'm alone in my office, when I'm out and about, I can respond to emails and Slack messages and WhatsApps and everything across all of my devices just by speaking. I love this tool. And I started talking about this in my behind-the-scenes channel a couple of months back, and then the founder reached out to me and said, "We're seeing a lot of people come to our tool because of you. So, we'd love to be a sponsor. We'd love you to be an investor in the company." And so, I signed up for both of those offers, and I'm now an investor and a huge partner in a company called WhisperFlow. You have to check it out. WhisperFlow is four times faster than typing. So, if you want to give it a try, head over to whisperflow.ai/doac to get started for free. And you can find that link to WhisperFlow in the description below. Have you ever heard about this before, this thing I'm holding in my hands now? This is called KetoneIQ. The website is ketone.com. You've heard me on this podcast talking about the fact that I stay much of the year in a ketogenic state, which is a highly restricted diet. And the reason I do that is plentiful. One of them is I spend hours and hours talking to people for a living. So, I want to make sure my brain is firing in an optimal way. And the other reason that I do the ketogenic diet is because I just feel better. So, when I discovered this, which is what they call an exogenous ketone product, where you can drink it and it increases your blood's ketone levels, I was blown away. I contacted them, I met them, I invested extremely heavily into their company, and I've become a co-owner of the company accordingly, and they sponsor this show now. So, if you want to try this out for yourself, I recommend you try it. Just visit ketone.com/steven and you'll get 30% off your first subscription order. You'll also get a free gift with your second shipment. That's ketone.com/steven. I was reading about what happened to you in 2011, 2010, 2011, when you reach what you you refer to as your breaking point in corporate medicine. Yeah. >> And you had some issues because you were I think helping some people who were homeless. Yep. What what do what do I need to know about that and how has that shaped you? Corporate medicine has lots of flaws, and you get tired of answering the same question over and over and over again. So, you put some stuff up on YouTube and you start to say, "Here's the education I wish I could give you." Uh and this starts to work. But that's not the that's not the path if you're in a corporate medicine. You're going to ruffle feathers, you're going to tick people off. I left corporate medicine, started my own thing, and I'm living out a 2-year non-compete. Do you know what that means? That you can't do medicine for 2 years? In that same market where they recruited me and they had advertised for me. Okay. Okay? So, you can't compete with what we just put money into for 2 years. And they said, "You can see the homeless and you can see Medicaid." Medicaid being the like government-funded medical medicine program. >> Low income. So, I said they don't know me very well. Those are just as much my people as anybody else. I'm taking care of some Native Americans. They were the ones in the shelters. They're the ones with the low income. And those teenagers were overweight and they were eating kitty litter. They were eating toilet paper. Their iron was so low the machine couldn't measure it. So, they're super malnourished. I started doing what I would do if you had all the money in the world. I took care of these patients. I gave them IV iron. She gave them iron. Which was expensive. It caused a ruckus. I got put on the radar of somebody that did not like that. So, this is the budget. The whole state gets a budget for how much you're going to spend on each patient. Yeah. I mean by expensive it was like 350 bucks per person. That's not that expensive. >> Mhm. But it was and nobody else was doing it. And I got a sticky note inside an envelope from the state capital. Stop doing Cadillac medicine. Yeah. So, you you were sued eventually? Oh, they they called Medicaid fraud. Okay. They thought I was wasting Medicare's numbers because I was giving IV iron. And I said, "No, I didn't bill for it bill for it. I paid for it." And when I paid for the medicine for these impoverished patients, they said, "Well, that's Medicaid fraud." So, the government tried to sue me for that and they lost. But now they're ticked off. They've brought me to court and they lost. And what happened next is a lot worse. I don't know if you want to hear that. Do you want me to go there? >> Of course, yeah. >> Okay. So, when you are being investigated for Medicaid fraud, all income stops. Yeah. Yeah. So, I have to come home to my husband and say, "I just can't I can't give in. I think we need to fight this." He said, "Okay." He he he God bless him. He I "Okay, let's fight it." Have you ever tried to fight the government? It's very expensive. So, they hold off when you're under a Medicaid and fraud investigation, you get no paychecks. So, we have no paychecks to pay payroll, to pay house payments, to do anything for about 9 and 1/2 months. Actually, it lasted longer than that. During that time, we started doing things like we sold the lake cabin, we sold the boats, we sold the extra car. We sold our own house. We moved into a donated RV. You moved into a car? An RV, yep. In South Dakota, where there's 50 below zero weather. With three little kids. We actually used we took our wedding rings in for the last paycheck. I I just can't give in. And then I won. Okay, so Medicaid fraud wasn't there. But in the midst of that, I said I This is when Obamacare was really happening. And I got asked to run for US Senate. There's only 100 of those in the country. I run for US Senate and I did really good. I raised insane amounts of money. Uh saying, "I am a doctor that serves the poor. I am a physician that runs her own company. Uh I think I am a great voice to send to Washington DC to make policy about patients and care as opposed to the other opponents." But that same attorney general his best buddy was running against me. And when I am in a mission trip uh in the Philippines that has nothing to do with it, but I was on a mission trip in the Philippines. And um I left a petition behind. I don't know how you do it in London, but a petition means if you're going to run for office, you got to get some people saying it they believe in you. >> Mhm. So, we needed 2,000 signatures. And we got 6,000 signatures. We submitted them to the state. We think there's no problem. But then the quarterly earnings come back for a campaign raising and my opponent had about 70 donors at about $10,000 a pop and we had something like 740,000 dollars. I put my earnings in and they were 780,000 dollars. So I out raised him. You have to report to the government whenever somebody gives you more than 200 dollars. So his donors are right there on the list. My list is empty. Because the average size of the donation was 45 dollars. And they know they can't win with that. I have a grassroots behind me. And that's when the black cars started showing up in my life. It sounds like I've got a tin foil hat, but it was real. The black what? The state card started to show up outside my house. They started to say, "Find something on her." And I am the first person in the history of the United States of America to be investigated for not witnessing a signature on those petitions. Okay, so there was these petitions you had to get 2,000 of them signed and you had to witness them. So you had to be there when they were signed by people? >> Well, that's what it says and you're right. It says, "I bear witness." So as I'm I left them in my clinic, my staff signed it. The preachers in my my clinic signed it. And those signatures were collected while I was in the Philippines. And so you signed to witness them when you were back from the Philippines. >> Right. So I didn't witness them. I just vouched that that's my sister, that's the preacher. I know who these people are. And so they charged you for they realized that you were in the Philippines at the time so you couldn't have witnessed them based on the dates or something. Yep. And then they arrested you? I 12 12 felonies. They give you 12 felonies? And 24 years in prison. That's what they charged you for or that's what They charged me the 12 felonies. Six counts for each of the six petitions. Six uh so that's 12 felonies. There's six mistakes, but each mistake counts for two felonies. I mean, if you're going to make a mistake, there's one felony. Mhm. When you're trying to make a statement, there's 12 felonies. And you're the first one in the history of the United States of America to ever have this charge, let alone brought to trial. And then found guilty. The trial didn't happen in my state, my town. It happened in the state capital, where everybody knew that attorney general, everybody knew the opponent. So they they tried to get you to serve 24 years in prison? Yeah. They sentenced me to 24 years in prison. They sentenced you to >> Yeah. My kids were sitting behind me. I'm you are guilty of 12 felonies and 24 years in prison. And then he says, "But this stack of papers in front of me might be the biggest he'd been a judge for 20-some years. And I had patients who had written in saying, "This is the best doctor I've ever seen." I didn't ask them to write that. They just sent them in. How did you feel when you hear that you're going to be in prison for 24 months? 24 years? Oh god, it is the lowest moment of my life. Because I mean, I do not like that the that that story cost the state of South Dakota any money. But I also don't like that when you oppose the the political giants, and you stand there with all of the right intentions, that if they need to find something on you, they will. Six petitions. And we had a thousand extra signatures. There was noth- This was a nothingburger. but it was enough and that attorney general said prosecute her to the fullest extent. And I'm not a martyr. I do things that aren't right and if there was a mistake that I made, I I would take full ownership and to that judge I made I took full ownership. That the attorney general was he won. I got sentenced. But you didn't have to serve the 24 years. He said I'll probate that. I will suspend that with the highest number of service hours ever in the state of South Dakota. It was 500 community service hours serving the poorest patients in the state. And when he said those words I thought, "Oh my god, you don't know who I am." That's what I've been doing. I was already working in Pine Ridge. How did you How did you feel about all of this? I mean I I think of it as a test. It was a test of I mean most marriages aren't going to make it through that. You got kids that'll end up in rehab at that much stress. And I didn't want that life. I didn't want that to be my ending. I framed it different. I said, "All right, God, you're testing me. You're testing to see can I be Can I stay true to who it is that you've called me to be?" That our marriage was incredibly That's a lot of pressure. I mean, I was the number one news story in the whole damn state for 3 years running by a mile. I can't go anywhere without That's her. That's her. My parents were ashamed. My kids would say, "This is the woman that takes me to Haiti. She is Mother freaking Teresa and now she's on the front page of a newspaper as a 12-time felon." And your teachers at school say I read about your mom again in the newspaper. I mean, it's a old It should have crushed me. But it didn't. It did not. When did your life begin to turn upwards from that point onwards? When was the the moment where things were Well, the first thing is we appealed that to the Supreme Court. Yeah. >> That's where the big legal bills come from. Second, you're fighting an attorney general. That's where all And the Supreme Court said that that attorney general abused his power for at least six of them. And then that judge said I'll erase all these because of the work you've done. So, the 12 felonies went away during >> them? All of them. I think on the edge of that story, um I work to resurrect people's health back to a place where they they get their best life. And yes, ketones are really a big part of that. But as you look at the relationships you've got around your life take the core ones and nurture them to a place where uh your best life comes out of those relationships. Find the purpose that you've been designed for. And take those relationship with you as you seek that. I know that's what happened to me. I cared about the ones on the inner circle and I had a one track of this is what I'm designed to do. We have a closing tradition where the last guest leaves a question for the next. And the question left for you is, do you have a daily practice to find deep inner peace when you are emotionally triggered? And if so, please share it with the audience. Yeah, I have a uh devotion that I do every morning. That um that centers me, keeps me in line with my faith. And that's not that you do it on the bad days. It's that you've got the foundation for doing it on the good days. And there are generations >> Uh the a daily devotion. Like Upper Room is a is a spiritual devotion for my church. What what does that look like? Is it a prayer or Yeah, it's a prayer. And >> And how does that sound? What is Yeah, the it's a usually a scripture and then it's a prayer that is been uh paired with that scripture. And again, it's easy to not do it routinely. But when you practice it on the good days, it's what lifts you on those really tough days. And sometimes you forget you're not the first person to run through these problems. But there are thousands of generations that have taught you how to do life and get through those hard places. And I'm going to use their rules. I'm going to follow what that scripture says and live for my best life. Dr. Bosworth, thank you. Very good. We are done. I really think I really appreciate so much about you. I appreciate your personality. Well, I could have been engaging, but also just um I appreciate that you've taken the time to make so much content over on your YouTube channel, which I'm going to link on screen and below now um to sort of demystify and break down some of these really complicated subjects that people struggle with and they're looking for someone who they can trust, who has a bit of personality. Um who can communicate some of these very complicated things to them. And on your channel you talk about everything from the ketogenic diet to many of the things we talked about today to the creatine stuff to cancer more broadly, the scientific theory of autophagy and fasting um and lots of other things and everything we've talked about today and much, much, much more. So I highly recommend people go and check your channel out if they would like to learn more. It will be linked below. And um you've written some wonderful books. Um some of them that we've referenced. We've got the Keto Continuum, which I'm going to link below as well. Um this wonderful book called Anyway You Can, a Beginner's Guide to Ketones for Life, which um talks a lot about Rose and has some wonderful photos of Rose in that book. And we have the the Continuum Workbook, which is a much more practical um Yeah, it goes hand in hand with the other one and it's what I give my patients in the clinic as they got to go through that workbook. I think a lot of people are looking for exactly that. They're looking for something that they can follow step by step, which gives them a framework for progress and I guess in in a way holds them accountable, which is exactly what the workbook does. Thank you so much. You're you're you're helping millions of people. You've had a [ __ ] rough ride and been outside. 12 felonies and 24 years in prison is for for something as as little as what you did, I think is is bizarre. Quite frankly, but you know, it's a story of inspiration that it didn't hold you back and you've risen like a phoenix and created so much incredible work therefore that's benefit so many. So please do keep going. God bless you. Thanks for having me here. I'm really excited to be on your show. Thank you so much, Dr. Boz. This is something that I've made for you. I realize that the Diary of a CEO audience are strivers, whether it's in business or health. We all have big goals that we want to accomplish. And one of the things I've learned is that when you aim the big big big goal, it can feel incredibly psychologically uncomfortable because it's kind of like being stood at the foot of Mount Everest and looking upwards. The way to accomplish your goals is by breaking them down into tiny small steps and we call this in our team the 1%. And actually this philosophy is highly responsible for much of our success here. So, what we've done so that you at home can accomplish any big goal that you have is we've made these 1% diaries and we released these last year and they all sold out. So, I asked my team over and over again to bring the diaries back but also to introduce some new colors and to make some minor tweaks to the diary. So now we have a better range for you. So, if you have a big goal in mind and you need a framework and a process and some motivation, then I highly recommend you get one of these diaries before they all sell out once again. And you can get yours now at the diary.com where you can get 20% off our Black Friday bundle. And if you want the link, the link is in the description below.