UGC-NET (Bruner's Discovery Learning)

Hello I welcome you all once again to my channel Explore Education I am Dr. Rashmi Singh Assistant Professor Department of Education SS Khanna Girls Duty College University of Allahabad and today I am going to discuss with you a new topic under my UGC NET series that is Brunners Discovery Learn many questions are asked on this a teacher can tell the direct formula or like from where if we start its context then each discovery is made i.e. the child has to be found so one way can be that a teacher tells the direct formula that apply this formula then your question will be solved. Or you can let students explore and discover the formula themselves. Isn't it ? So Jeroen Brunner was absolutely convinced that the second approach creates deeper learning. When students discover something. Today we will quickly understand Discovery Learning, Spiral Curriculum and Bruner's entire model. Why this topic matters? Why does this topic matter? Because Bruner is one of the major constructivist theorists of educational psychology. We've covered PRG and Vigo Gods before. Bruner is part of his family. The NET GRF directly addresses specific terms such as spiral curriculum and modes of representation, which are related to Bruner. The roots of modern activity-based and inquiry-based teaching methods are also found in Bruner's ideas. So what is discovery learning ? Discovery learning is a constructivist approach in which students discover content through exploration, questioning, and problem-solving rather than being given content directly. Bruner believed that when a student discovers a concept themselves, the learning is deeper and longer-lasting than simply memorizing it. So we have also felt this. The role of the teacher changes here. He is no longer an information provider but becomes a facilitator who provides the right materials and problems so that students can explore and reach the answers. Instead of simply stating the example formula, the teacher lets students [sound of clearing throat] measure with real shapes. Yes, so that they can find the pattern themselves and discover their formula. And spiral curriculum is also a concept given by Bruner and questions are asked on it. What is the Spiral Curriculum? This is another famous and very important concept of Bruner. What is the core idea? That if any complex concept is presented in a simplified form, even small children can understand it. Even if the concept is advanced. Then, as the student progresses through the grades, the same concepts are revisited again and again, each time in a slightly more complex and abstract form. Like this spiral curriculum. That's why it's called spiral. Like a spiral staircase case, like a ceiling comes back to the same place but every time one level higher, for example, the concept of fractions is taught in the first class, say class three, in a very simple form like a slice of pizza. Is n't it like this is 1/3, 2/3, 3/3. Then in class six it goes into a little more detail and in class 10 it starts with complex fractions along with algebra. So you can understand this spiral curriculum as a representation of reflection. Ok. Then three modes of representation. What are the three modes of representation? Bruner also explained that humans represent, understand, or store new knowledge in three ways that develop with age. Like [laughs] inactive mode, iconic mode, symbolic mode. What is inactive mode? Learning. We have read these three before also. What is inactive mode? Learning actions and physical manipulation. Learning occurs through action and physical manipulation. Inactive: Here the child is taking action. Just like a small child learns counting by touching blocks with his hands. Iconic Mode: Here learning takes place through icons. Learning happens through images and visuals. Like understanding by looking at diagrams, pictures, charts. Symbolic mode learning occurs through language and abstract symbols. Like thinking using words, numbers, mathematical notations. So what is important? Meaning In Inactive Iconic Symbolic Inactive the child is taking action. In iconic, the child is learning from icons or images. In symbolic, the child is learning through language and abstract symbols. So what is important? According to Brunner, these three modes develop in sequence. Isn't it ? Young children start with inactives. But adults also use all three depending on the situation. That is to say, according to Bruner, it was not hierarchical that first inactive, then iconic, then symbolic and no one can miss overlap with each other. All three of these can go together. Both can go together. It can work any way. As Piaget said, only when one is completely finished will one move on to the other. This is where Piaget and Bruner differ from each other. Scaffolding is also a Bruner-related concept. What is this? Bruner, along with his colleagues David Wood and Gail Ross, popularized the term scaffolding. This is related to Vygotsky's concept of the ZB, which we covered in the first episode. That means we have read Vugski before also. Have you read Zone of Proximal Development? So what was the Zone of Proxy Development, who was providing the assistance? The more knowledgeable other MKO is giving it or your teacher is giving it or someone who is more knowledgeable than you is giving it, so here the meaning of that staffolding is also the same that the teacher or adult gives temporary support when the student is learning a new task and gradually this support is removed as the student becomes confident, so if we look at the classroom application of Lunar's Discovery Learning, then to encourage Discovery Learning, giving open-ended problems, doing hands-on activities and letting the students justify their answers themselves, this is its application. While designing a spiral curriculum, teachers should remember that concepts should be revised a little deeper every year rather than taught once and then forgotten. Meaning, today this year we have taught him the simplest thing, so we can go a little more complex, a little more complex, a little more complex. So what happened to Discovering Learning ? [Sound of clearing throat] Students discover concepts by exploring them on their own. The teacher is the facilitator from here on. In a spiral curriculum, concepts are revisited over and over again, each time in a more complex form. What are the three modes of representation? Inactive, iconic and symbolic. Action mode in Inactive, Image mode in Iconic and Language or Abstract in Symbolic. Scaffolding consists of temporary supports that are gradually removed. A concept associated with Vygotsky. So this is Bruner's Discovery Learning Model. This is what you will be asked. Either you will be asked about sketch holding or mode of representation or you will already have done discovery learning. That's it. So if Bruner's model has become clear to you then you can write in the comment section that yes, the speech curriculum is now clear. In the next episode we will discuss the project method versus the theoretic method. It is very confusing. We may look similar but we are different. Ok. So happy learning to all of you and thank you for watching.