Smart Buildings and Emergency Response: Current and Future. With Maria Marks of Siemens (April 2023)

good afternoon my name is Charles Jennings I'm director of the Christian reaghard Center for emergency response studies here at John J College of Criminal Justice and I'd like to welcome you to this our second spring 2023 uh seminar uh on the subject of a smart buildings and uh uh for those of you who are new to the center uh the reaghard center is a uh named for Christian reaghard a probationary uh FDNY firefighter who died on 911 uh and we are focused on issues of first responder response to large and Complex events uh to include Technologies uh command and control uh and policy issues and uh for today's talk we're very pleased to have Mariah Marx of Seamans Seamans is a name known to most people in the industry um uh Mariah is a uh very active in life safety industry Fire and Life Safety industry um she's been in the industry for over 25 years she's been an account executive for fire and mass notification Solutions uh National develop business development manager for tier construction uh she's currently Vice chair of the Nema uh B SSB fire life safety security and emergency communications section uh she's a member of the SFP that's society of fire protection Engineers editorial board and vice chair of the SFP Foundation Board of Governors she's a member of the board of visitors of the University of Maryland Department of fire protection engineering uh she's the past president of the DC um Maryland Virginia chapter of the automatic fire alarm Association and uh she's a graduate of Welsley College she's also a certified Fire Protection specialist and is a nice H for so uh Maria is is very well placed uh to discuss these topics today and um uh and so we're delighted to have her uh we've done work uh related to this subject of uh uh smart buildings automation sensors uh we have a working paper on the subject and it certainly complements our work on uh situation awareness and so uh with that I will turn it over to you Mariah and uh take it away thank you thank you for the opportunity to present I would say a couple of items to start this presentation is AIA approved and usgbc so if you do need credits please reach out to Charles and let him know uh the other one is I am working remotely I do have a few four-legged office assistant please ignore any background noise they're fine and with that I am going to turn my camera off I've had some bandwidth issues today if you have any questions please feel free to ask I'd like this to be a little bit of a conversation so as we start looking at smart buildings we're going to take a look at the how do you do this they are transitioning from something that's nice to something that we really need to have it's a different approach when it comes to how the building is designed installed or built and then maintained so we're going to take a look at what the definition of a smart building is and its role in occupant health safety and Welfare gain a better understanding of some of the current challenges to design construction and maintenance of these buildings we'll take a look at how technology is converging to play a factor in this data interconnected building system how it benefits not only designers contractors facility managers and occupants but also First Responders and at the end we'll take a look at some of the use cases and how they are proving out what you can do with these buildings so with that you know typically I ask how and what you think is a smart building and the reason I do that to get people thinking about it is there's really no one one definition across all of the building types and vertical markets so think about the different occupancies it used to be we said okay it has broadband and that makes it a smart building but today we are looking to leverage the data you get from all the disparate systems all the sensors that are out there how can this data be used for real-time analysis and response you have interoperable systems or whether they're integrated via an interface ultimately the smart building delivers useful and consistent experience in addition to providing space and Energy Efficiency it is a contributor to the success of stakeholders you can see that we're expecting smart building Technologies to grow over the next couple of years and to reach two billion by [Music] 2026 another way to look at the Smart building might be the triple bottom line we're used to the bottom line there's always what is it going to cost me what is it going to how do I gain well if you think about a smart building you know I said there are so many uses it impacts the people people so you have the impact on people or the social aspect the impact on profit which is your financial aspect and now let's bring in green sustainability or the environment they need to have an increased value and provide environmentally friendly design that serves the users and the community we expect our smart building to establish all three of these int with one another so why you know everybody always says what's the disruption what is causing it Innovation tends to be gradual you know it starts slowly and then gathers Pace gradually working by increments so early years we may be a little disappointed by The Innovation it's not going as fast as we want we sometimes underestimate the impact of innovation in the long run and overestimate it in the short run so you have to understand what some of the technological innovations are that we see these days from autonomous devices augmented analytics now that we have the data along with AI ai's been in the news a lot recently how is it being used how is it being regulated on the digital side digital twin we can create a digital representation of your building that allow you to run scenarios through it or see how the building is operated much less also an immersive experience you know there's talk about how can we use VR or augmented reality to provide training to provide data of course you need the technology you need how do I move it you know blockchain is a distributed Ledger type of information where you're tracking every single piece of data you know who's changed it and when which bring couple other things that go across the bottom of all of this Quantum Computing the speed of computing is going up and the size of chips are going down when you can find them that is privacy and ethics just because we can should we and that's something to keep in mind just because you can get that information is it relevant to the situation do we need to know it and how are we protecting the data so we'll look at a few things here you know Mega Trends these are things that are affecting all of us we're impacted by digitalization you know you know we see data in everything and in the next two years they're expecting 163 zabt of data will be available globally you know one zetabyte is a stack of books from here to Pluto and back that's how much data will be available globally in the next two years you know keep an eye on demographic change as well the number of people as well as average life expectancy and where do these people live how are they accessing systems buildings we also have sustainability or climate change concerns it's getting hotter we're about to experience a couple of 80 degree days here in the Metro DC area this week so April that seems a little early to me but globalization is another one that I'll touch on um it's been a bit of an impact over the last couple of years as we've looked at Global Supply chains and what has happened however globalization is still a key aspect in it you have you know World Trade impacting your cost for energy and fuel it it hits the logistic companies think about your supply chain and where and how we manufacture parts and pieces components for all of the disperate systems not just fire alarm but all of our systems our economy is global and is intertwined this isn't going [Music] away the other part that's a bit of a reminder is we're starting to think about the building again on how people use it and what their experience is so this goes back you know 100 years form follows function the form of the building follows the function of the building how am I using the building what do people expect we want our buildings to be healthy we want to make sure that our staff is retained if it's an office building space is optimized how do we use it so a designer can think about this you know this is a good rule of thumb to keep in mind typical building expenditure comparison across the entire life cycle you look at design construction operations and employees if the cost of your employees is $1,000 times the cost of Designing the building or space that'll occupy and 100 times the amount of construction cost so if you increase design and construction costs by 10% to mitigate a 1% Improvement in staff wellness and retention it's [Music] justifiable think about how those Balance out just because you're cutting corners on the construction or the design what are you doing on the back end the other thing that is changing is uh how we access our systems our facility management is changing you know we've have a Personnel shortage everybody is talking about it every industry is facing this uh there are estimates that'll be a 50% shortage in facility management by 2035 it's not not only that it's how we access and how we use the systems you know you start with our boiler Bob on the left he was out in the field he was using tools he was working on systems and going off intuition blockchain Beth on the other hand is looking at the digital tools looking at the trends and the data to make the decisions there's also a convergence of it and OT as well so she may not be as deeply intertwined into all the mechanical systems but she knows what the results are supposed to be and what to look for and where that's going to direct her so there's a shift in how we are adapting to the building there's a shift in how we are receiving our information I suspect you may have heard the phrase there's an app for that many of us are getting information via apps or notifications we can send notifications for Mass notification or emergency communication events we can provide what we call Reno or remote notifications in the Seaman world as to the status of the systems there's also an app that allows for remote access into the fire alarm system which will let you test and inspect it will let you also troubleshoot and understand what's going on that kind of data could be key think about understanding or seeing that information before you get to the site now you know what's happening and how to respond any questions up till now and I'm sorry I don't see the chat so I'm not sure if there are any in there uh nothing in the chat yet uh but please direct your questions in through the chat and we'll get them answered okay well I'm going to go ahead and we're going to start breaking down and talking about some of the people who are involved with the building you know we're going to start first from the design phase and that's the architect because the architect sets the scope they set the change there's a challenge that they're facing right now with the 2030 challenge that is given them an opportunity to adopt whether it's specific energy fossil fuel or emission targets for all new building developments and major renovations to be carbon neutral by 2030 huge Global participation in this Challenge and this is really where smart buildings tend to play a significant role what there is also is the complexity in buildings that's caused by some of these technology advancements can add to a little bit more of an increase in liability and legal aggression which means that sometimes the architect hands it off so they may not have that part of the scope because they may say oh this really isn't in my wheelhouse I need to hand it off I need to hand it to an expert and that expert may still be siloed within their individual division so that's something to be aware of you need to have that con conversation and keep the design team talking across the desperate [Music] silos one of the other challenges that they face and this is probably the biggest one when it comes to Smart buildings is the why and think about the space performance I've already alluded to the form follows function philosophy but the architect is responsible for the overall Vision based on input from the client so they need to understand how the client is going to use the building and optimize the space based on that use and on the budget so there's that brings in a lot of flexibility as well as opportunity for the architect I mentioned silos you know we have our mechanical electrical fire protection technology and plumbing Engineers they're not always talking to each other so understanding the interoperability is key and especially as you start merging or integrating systems together or depending on data from different systems you need to be able to be talking to each other you know a great example is smoke control it's something we've been doing for years but it's something that easily gets missed completely in specifications or provided twice if you have a mechanical and a fire protection engineer that aren't talking or they may have gaps so you need to find a way to break down those silos and ensure that these Engineers are coordinating across the silos the other part is staying up with technology how can you stay up with technology how do you manage to leverage current technology while also dealing with code adoption what are there design tools that can help you uh you know one of the simplest ones is Bim or Revit and yet that tends to stay 2in conduit or greater which means you're looking at Major systems or major risers you're not taking it out to the floor which is where most of the Clash occurs collaboration Staffing all of this is key for your mechanical and Fire Protection engineers and again they are also worried about budget or cost along with schedule and the scope that they've been given by the architect they may not have been given the full scope if the architect doesn't understand what Integrations are necessary to meet the vision or even possible that could meet the vision so we had an architect that did that and really did a great job your me fire protection also did a great job everything's integrated your building has been designed it's gone out for bid everything is set to be a smart building what we want now we've got the construction process so the general contractor they still look at it as I'm going to the mechanical I'm going to the electrical I'm handling the building envelope so it's understanding and challenging the traditional project procurement and delivery mechanisms so this will be a huge part of it for them you know keep in mind they are very concerned they want to make sure that their building is safe through construction they want to be free of liability or unusual liability so risk and safety are big for your general contractor um constructibility is another one that's big for them to pay attention to they start looking at something that's different than they've used before you know many of the current constructibility tools don't properly address smart Building Technology so they're going to have to think about that and be involved as part of the design process we've got it built now and now we are open your facility operation takes over for them with the staff huge change approximately 55% of Maintenance activity is reactive they're fixing something when it breaks you know they're saying hey my room is cold that's what they're worried about what if we have to change the mindset so they start thinking predictive algorithm and start thinking about let's get to it before it breaks I mean how many have you seen the commercial where the elevator dings as an elevator repair man is talking to the facilities security guard there at the building hi I'm here to fix the elevator next thing you know people are stepping out of the elevator and they're looking like what's going on well presumably what had happened was the elevator knew that it was using more energy running a diagnostic check hey I haven't change this belt in how many runs of my elevator it's good for X number of runs needs to be changed let's send in a maintenance request before it breaks predictive analysis so we're starting to see the capability for things like so start thinking about how you can use it there's a new player in the Fire and Security in the fire World we're not as used to working with it or information technology so this is brand new if you're going to leverage interoperability and convergence you need to bring the IT team into the picture they need to be aware of it in order to to be a part of the process and not introduce further complexity afterwards uh think of it from an holistic perspective as well what are some of the things that they can do keeping in mind when you start looking at OT you have to keep uptime and business continuity in mind the fire alarm system is still 100% uptime with battery backup you're not taking it down to run a patch and this is also started you know understanding and the authority having jurisdiction understanding the benefits of smart technology and why and how we could use this you know a great example would be modular construction that's used a lot within smart building projects we have the capability of building sections providing systems in there uh for example a Zone control unit it gives and we can do this beforehand and then get it on site so that you've minimized your construction time frame while still providing all of the information and the in what you need for your automation system this is a fun one in the Life Safety world we are very code driven if it's a fire alarm system it has to meet NFPA and your city state has most likely adopted an addition of the iodes so which iode have you adopted what are you running what is it referencing keeping up with codes and standards is one of the biggest challenges we have technology is changing so fast you'll find that a lot of your codes and standards are leaning towards Frameworks or they have a common phrase that states that nothing in the body of the code is meant to prohibit systems devices equipment of equal or greater quality from being used there are a couple of Standards out there that are worth looking at when it comes to Smart buildings ashray 90.1 is an energy standing for energy standard for buildings that would be worth looking at guideline 36 gives you your High performances sequences of operation um within the Vixie World 07 is there information communication technology design and implementation practices for intelligent buildings and premises Vixie is very much a wiring and en cabling organization if you're not familiar with them and this one does break down and refers you back to the appropriate ashray NFPA Ste standard when you get the individual systems but it talks about the overall how do I integrate as part of the process NFPA has a standard for integrated fire protection and life safety system testing this is effectively a recommissioning type of standard and it's now required in the 2021 IBC IFC calls for NFPA 4 recommission in where you have smoke control or high-rise buildings so think about your smart buildings you have tenant retrofits going on you really need to do some of this to make sure that the original sequences are still working still [Music] operational so these are just a few of them um and we'll see more popping up so just keeping an eye on on that how they do this and what they're trying to do so now we're getting into the smart building the technology stack and this is one of my favorite this is a great way to show it it's one of my favorite slides that we have um you know we start from the bottom this is the part we know about this is the device layer we have all of our devices our inputs our output our panels any kind of kiosk Graphics our individual systems are connected then we have the capability for the interconnectivity any of the gateways you may have uh this is your network layer at the top in the application layer you have your cloud services yeah this is what we refer to as part of the cloud and this is where we are reviewing things we're looking at it um how do we gather the information you know it's kind of a Northbound perspective they provide the flexibility the adaptability and the scalability this is where some of your analytics your visualization occurs now I skipped over the middleware layer because that's this is really where we are and what we're working on right now when we get to the middleware [Music] layer you could also call it the integration engine this is where you're taking that real time data and you're acting on it you have a rules-based middleware that applies rules from a data set to to execute logic across all Building Systems syntax abstracted and applied to all different languages or protocols is another way to call these languages so it can speak to all Hardware some of your rules-based middleware functions include basic reporting documentation remote [Music] notification so the newer part of this is your context based you could also call it semantic inoperability and this is a little more advanced you have an open- Source communicate community that is looking at the metad DAT inside the data so this is let's how do I explain this um take a cell phone you take a picture of it if you haven't turned you take a picture with your cell phone if you haven't turned the gis off that picture can give you exact geographical location that geographical location is the equivalent of metadata that's within the data you're saving from a building so this is um a key challenge that we are all facing right now in the indust you know most device data lacks meaning we pull alarms off we're having a conversation over in Nema about the term supervisory and trouble they mean one thing for a fire alarm system they mean something else for a sprinkler system so at some point we have to get the things consistent and that's what's going on with some of the data sets we're not just talking fire alarm we're not just talking sprinkler we're not just talking automation system system think if you were to respond to a building a hotel what if you wanted to know which rooms were rented you don't need to know who's in the rooms necessarily because that gets into Data privacy but I need to know that X number of guest rooms are keyed that night because they use keyed as a determination that it's rented and then where they are so you could be tying into a reservation system you could be tying into a rental system it all depends what you need for a particular use case and as part of the context base we're talking about tagging and creating a standardized method for describing and contextualizing the metadata making it more human and machine accessible to analyze visualize and gain revalue so these are key of what we will see going [Music] forward any questions on this right you don't have any questions right now I've got a lot of stuff I'm jotting down here okay uh but uh do you want to go a little more into well I think you're doing it but but drill down because I think this is important for to understand or an area that you know I guess who who owns this this this uh middleware layer is that vendor specific is it is it a mix uh who's who's working who are the people doing all this work well you know the data comes with the system this all goes back to who owns the panels and devices and you think about the software that's in the system technically the owner of the building owns the building system but what if I'm pulling data from my cell phone that's my data that maybe you're pulling through Verizon or AT&T or if you were responding to an event and somehow you got into um the health part of a cell phone or a Fitbit or some kind of Fitness tracker just to understand where I have a heartbeat so where do I have live people I need to go rescue rather than okay that part of the building is on fire I don't have any live heartbeats over there I don't need to send anyone into that SP face I do need to fight the fire but I don't need to send someone over there so in that case think about it it's Blended because the Fitbit data belongs or the Health Data belongs to the person and yet they're able to leverage it which is why I made that difference when I said with hotel reservation I don't need to know who it is you have to separate out the Privacy aspects so it gets a little blurry at this point and we've got a question here how regularly would these systems need to be maintained I'm not quite sure which systems but uh if you can take us swing at that one um you know that's a good question I can tell you that your basic system maintenance requirements are not changing so some of that is standards driven uh I think most of our core audience is familiar with the NFPA but uh are there comparable uh you know time intervals spelled out in the in the other uh parts of the smart Building Technology um so when we are talking about how we do things we have to look at how it's changed and we have to understand how we are bringing a project together it can't just be throwing everything out for bid and having individual disciplines bid it without coordinating uh what does that lead it it leads us to something along the lines of smart building a new version of workflow so think about bringing in a technology partner your technology partner is the one who's going to look at technology and what needs to be integrated and how we integrate it and when traditionally they're bring in after the bid it's a little too late because your individual disciplines have not included any integration in there so now you're dealing with change orders to take things out or add things in this is why you need to bring your technology partner in during the end of schematic design so they can help with some of the design development with some of the team project definition they can also bring to light some of the Integrations that will be used uh what it also can do is raise the concept of how you would need to do this and when to buy things uh so just a thought on that another they uh well okay I see you're going to expand on it uh Mariah but go ahead you know somebody who works has worked as a you know as an owner's R and as a uh kind of an enforcer you know that that this is this is a big change from from kind of the the way the industry has been set up for the most part right it's a huge change okay you know it's it's looking at it very different your technology partner or integrator was typically a sub to your mechanical or electrical if that much they need to be up equal with them they need to be working with the GC from day one uh you know this is kind of a workflow process you're going to bring them in on the strategy and visioning for preconstruction so even where the GC is coming in through all of this think about it you have them there for project Vision meeting any site tours that you may have there may be an NDA involved as they start looking at specific use cases and trying to help create a spec which is what we call technology co-creation because it's not your normal spec it's geared towards a specific use case yes you still have to meet all of the standard health and safety requirements so anything you had from your NFPA 72 your fire alarm requirements those aren't going away your building still has to be safe you still need to meet those requirements but we're looking at how we integrate the systems and it becomes more of a use case which gets back to how is the building being used you're going to create your work blocks you'll see those in the next slide and provide you know solution options which leads to construction where now you install you build this and commission it you know it's great to turn it over to the owner but once you have a smart building you have to keep operations and maintenance involved you have to make sure that you are maintaining your building in order to keep meeting these requirements you know think about lead a lead building it's a green building has to be recertified think about maintenance now as a recommissioning or a part of that step and with technology you may have to take a look at do I have to update do I need to replace is there a better way to do it so this is a little bit of an eye chart what we've done is we've taken a um a little bit of a breakdown on each of the segments starting with security fire automation energy lighting your network healthc care mobile apps concierge management Transportation all of these are part of the work breakdown structure and then we've given them a key what value do we want them to bring from technology you know let's let's keep in mind also what problems are we looking to solve just because I can connect everything together is it the right thing for that building for that use case and yeah we can connect everything together under the sun but is it the right does it provide the right value the most value with the budget and time allotted for that project so these are some things you have to keep in mind as part of the design process and that's where you have to get everyone involved as part of that the owner the architect the technology consultant the GC and even once it's awarded You' bring in your vendors your partners as well [Music] it is a bit of a different structure because we start looking at what we call a division 25 framework one of the easiest ways to look at this you know very simply is it's integrated building management it's an integration section of the specification section it's going to refer you back to various parts of the specification but it's also going to take into account a section that tells you hi I need to make sure I consider IP signage for integrated Mass notification I've got electrical power monitoring I have building management systems so you should have a construction team Matrix and this is something that really should be used as a way to create that functional specification this is the systems and data architecture for a smart building did that answer your questions here's a I don't know if that it did but there's a followup here on uh if a building I think it's going stepping back a little bit but if a building's directed to a level of initial acceptance testing uh and that decision is identified early on in the building design process has there been a better experience with coordination among the disciplines compared to when systems are accepted or commissioned individually I understand it if they are letting you know early in the design process what will be expected for the commissioning system for the commissioning process will that be a better experience I would say yes uh think about um if you're designing for healthc care Joint Commission if you know that you're going to have certain requirements and certain commissioning requirements it's a lot better to know that up front Okay uh well continue and we'll and we'll we'll probably go back back up to the 10,000 foot level in a minute but let's let's keep going uh digging in here not a problem which actually that was a great question to ask because now that leads you to commissioning and warranting uh and this is something that's coming through the last couple of years have brought in the concept of remote inspections in remote testing there is a new standard in development for NFPA 995 15 that is focused on remote inspection and testing it does not describe any of the actual tests that need to be done for commissioning or inspection it doesn't talk about the time frame it leaves that to the appropriate system whether it's 13 7270 whatever it is NFPA 915 f focuses on the mechanism for how do we do this remotely how do we transmit the data how do we protect the data and understand it so that we can accept it you how do we store it that's all it focuses on but that's a great way to think about it are we doing it via cellular are we doing it video drone what um so this is some of the stuff that is coming up we're starting to see things I believe it's another manufacturer that has self- testing smoke detectors uh someone else can turn their notification appliances on so you're going to start to see smart devices get even smarter and how will these help um little things to start thinking about I would say the next step will be something like a digital twin this could even go back up to that 10,000 foot level when we start talking about the design process a digital twin is a virtual data model of the real physical building it the physical building produces data that feeds back into the virtual module so the two are you know they are always representative um digital twin has been around for a while it's not something new it's what was used to create the Mars rover so the concept of creating this digital object that will then become a physical object and running all my criteria through there I could run smoke control calculations and see how the smoke movement's going to move and how my system's going to operate I could run evacuation modeling how do I get people out of the building or move them around the building now from a maintenance perspective I can start to use this of okay why am I using so much energy where is this breaking down aha that's where it I need to look at it this way so this is something to think about as a next step and how does it fit in well it's really part of an evolution starts with Bim and Bim does design your static model becomes enriched with live data and the Building Systems because when you use Bim you're putting in the actual the Bim models for what is physically going into the building think of it from an energy perspective that building twin as a feedback loop that continuously adjust to the actual building conditions as they evolve over time it will graduate from your construction model with all of the asset data manuals warranties Etc to a more operationalized model that's using live data from systems weather and people and how they're responding you mentioned SFP the foundation has a study going on right now on themm tools for the fire protection engineer so that's bringing it down past the 2-in conduit out to the device world is starting to think about that this is coming so as we go into some of the future Trends and ongoing challenges any other design and construction questions [Music] okay I'm going to go into my design and construction here or excuse me I'm going to go into the future Trends and ongoing challenges like anything new technology new trends provide challenges there's always something some oops we hadn't thought about you know now we need to take into account the tenants the occupants along with manufacturer because everybody's involved when it comes to the design stage and this creates a increase or a lack of representation and unified Vision across the stakeholders during that design stage so you've got to bring them in in order to prevent adverse impacts on the final delivery cyber security there are more devices than there are people attackers are growing in both numbers and sophistication and with a convergence of it and OT you know how do we do this how do we protect against it if you're following NFPA you'll see that in F PA 72 the 2022 Edition cyber security has been added there's a new chapter 11 starting to address that hey this has to happen but it's not just on the manufacturer side and making the product it's not only the design and the installation or construction you have to take into account just because I can connect various systems together is there a reason to do that or am I opening a door to something I don't need to do you know when I get into the construction side of it oh I need an extra cable here I need to connect into the network huh I can grab this network and I get back there well is that the right one or are you opening the door are you what are you doing with that so it will impact there we can do everything right when we turn the building over the owner still needs to maintain it maintenance is going to be even more key you have to make sure you're doing the patches probably the easiest protection for cyber security password management changing passwords or eliminating access if employees leave so keeping on top of it is going to be key interoperability not just about avoiding cost it's also keeping in mind value you know just because we can in be interoperable between systems and we think it's going to save costs it's not what it's for why are you looking to have those systems interoperable what's the value what's the reason behind it you know just because it's the latest and greatest thing isn't always the best reason you do need to start with the end in mind when you look at smart buildings in order to mitigate unnecessary complexity which will also equate to significant cost all the complexity is more costly so these are a couple things to keep in mind you're not looking to make it complex you're actually looking to simplify and sometimes that's more difficult we looked at the design and the construction process think about that as a procurement that's rather fragmented um you know we're looking at single issues single vendors single silos and not looking at an entire ecosystem of what works well together what systems need to be networked and how do we integrate so that will cause you to look at procurement a little bit [Music] differently it's really about collaboration and it's about skills and training you know we see a difference it's not white collar or blue collar anymore it's that new collar middle skills section of the economy so we're looking to ensure that students are learning marketable skills finding design curriculum that help them there is a skill shortage so you have a huge War for talent and then you also have the aspect of how does students get the job skills how do they learn apprenticeship models are one way on the job training doing cohort type programs that allow them to gain a college degree or the educational that they need while working in the process so that they're debt-free and can take on these jobs [Music] living Labs sometimes the buildings University buildings themselves become part of the lab so what's next you know what do we expect in the next 5 to 10 years well for one is regulation regulation and adopted of adoption of building codes and standards credentialing embodies changes that we'll see in that there's an uptick in Frameworks specifically towards smart buildings uh I think we'll probably see more of this because it becomes a case of it depends it's all about the use cases so until we can get standard use cases that mesh with the we look at occupants you're going to see these Frameworks appearing uh you also have the prioritization of experience you know people want to be well how does the building help them perform better heal learn all of this emerging Technologies you know where we see this market adoption can be broken down into five phases so it starts as a trigger there's a peak of inflated in expectations a dip down because oh wait it's not doing what I thought it would then it starts gradually growing back up as it's adopted so we're going to see over the next 5 to 10 years smart buildings progress towards that Final Phase of mainstream widespread [Music] adoption we talked a little bit about metadata and data information there needs to be some kind of standardization on that metadata otherwise it's going to be difficult to implement smart buildings at scale you know how will we develop data interoperability standards that's towards the meta data that we're talking about uh you know I think we'll see some of that coming through I is a big player in that one AI is going to play a Factor when it comes to filtering some of the data that's really where AI is going to help us to help filter it because you will have such sheer quantities we're going to need machine learning and artificial intelligence to bring it together and then consolidation you know there is an increased merger and acquisition you could think of that as a sign of Industry maturation and this will be good for a lot of people because if once you bring it together as consolidation that also adds to the trends of okay this is acceptable it's not just a startup here a startup there is it going to be around in five years am I going to put something that is a startup in my building physically in my building that I expect to survive these are just a few of the trends I would argue some of the green and the other data will play effect Factor uh we're seeing epr bills and there's a lot of talk of e-labeling so many of the booklets that you have won't be there it'll all be electronic use cases we're going to start with uh hold on uh we had a question that I've been holding uh before before we get into this could we talk about um in the big picture how how smart buildings uh you know the role they play in terms of getting to uh reduction in carbon or carbon neutrality yeah it's a very good question you know we talked about the 2030 challenge for the architect think about the M materials that are used for one you see a lot of Tallwood Timber or Timber buildings there is talk of low carbon concrete um there is electrification which is bringing in all of your EV charging now you start using micro grid can the building generate its own energy solar EV charging can it become carbon neutral in that sense or energy neutral so there are a lot of different ways that it can do it and there's a lot of different ways that we can bring in decarbonization to track it and that's where some of the smart building May pay a factor the design will definitely play a factor the other thing to be aware of is just because you're doing a micro grid do you have energy storage systems what are your potential Hazard discs not sure if I answered it think it was kind of circular there well I think the and then the the play is is I guess being more energy efficient and over the life of the building uh as well right okay yes okay I think we covered it okay so let's take a look at an office building um think about it if you're we're going to go back to we're still going into the building on you know wake up in the morning you're driving in tells you the fastest way to go so you're using your cell phone based on where you want to go you get to your building your parking spot is reserved and access is based on your license plate or a QR code you may have on your badge tells you where to park you've parked your car you're ready to go into the building your access key card is via your smartphone potentially your building uses hoteling so it tells you okay you're at this office space or this desk space today great by the way your colleagues are and you're in space 30 they're in 32 and 34 if you're looking for them so not only does it tell you where you are but where they are you can use a room reservation seamlessly goes into your calendar lets other people know who may be on that meeting and they can join in okay think Health Wellness you want to order lunch links right to the Lo the restaurant there um you can link into other things so not only does it tell you your desk or your office but perhaps it knows that you prefer a cooler workspace it's learned over the years that okay you like the temperature at 68 not 70 and the lighting can go all the way up or maybe I want it dim so it'll set the workpace by the time you get up there you can use your phone to report any issues you know receive notifications and then when you're ready to leave here's the fastest route home you know you're basically making the building work for you as the occupant by doing this think about it the building isn't trying to cool every office space down to 68 and it doesn't need to keep your space cooled until you get there so now I can start saving energy I don't have to have the lights on because you're not in the building you know do that times 100 think about the energy you could save by not having to have it on 8:00 a.m. till 5:00 p.m. healthc care you know this one big thing big push for Health Care is to prevent hiis which are Health Care um affection infections Healthcare acquired infections excuse me or Hospital in acquired infections you're also looking to improve patient p satisfication and to send them home as fast as possible so how do we do this start with the patient how do you find where you're going oh having spent a fair amount of time in a hospital earlier this year when my father had a heart attack trying to find my way around an unfamiliar hospital was very challenging the wayf finding app was great it got me right to the ICU where he was he's home by the way no worries there uh we didn't have to worry about virtual visits we were able to attend personally you know the smart room controls setting it up for him perfect to have what we've also learned with those smart room controls is we know through studies that certain operations such as a transplant the patient heals faster if the temperature is kept cooler so you can automatically set the room based on the procedure again notice I'm not saying the patient name I'm just saying procedure transplant I set the temperature for the room based on transplant not based on Mr Jones which leads me into the doctors and nurses they're very worried about in ction control what if I knew that the room was unoccupied now I have an opportunity to go in and do all the deep cleaning I need to Patient monitoring devices you know fall alert other sensors that you may have in there care interaction monitoring video boards any of those things you could have the uh remote that they use Sonicare which is telephone as well as call Button as well as TV remote could also be a question how are you feeling today what would you like to order for lunch you know your choic is sandwich or soup or spaghetti whatever it may be push a b or c on the remote so now you have the care interaction which also leads you to presumably to improved p Pati satisfication from an administrative perspector perspective if I can turn the beds faster presumably my patients are healing relatively quickly I am not keeping them in there it's also a little bit of asset management it's amazing that things like crash carts and wheelchairs develop legs and wander off now I can start tracking those and see where those are it helps me understand how to communicate with my Personnel what information they need so these are just a few of the things that you can think about uh just ways that you can start linking it together you know think about integrating purel hand sanitizer stations with Wi-Fi for pre proactive maintenance uh think about a glass touch screen that allows you to provide information at the nurses station that can easily be cleaned in case of hais those Hospital acquired infections I [Music] mentioned air travel we have a couple of uh different sections on the air travel you've got what's open to the public and then with staff so we'll look at a couple of challenges smart washroom monitoring how do you maintain a level of comfort and hygiene all airport facilities during Peak and non- Peak you can identify hot spots with sensor technology and activate staff or send them to those areas based on traffic or frequency of use uh you know washrooms are key triggers for passenger satisfaction in many airports [Music] so monitoring and billing for ground power units gpus and preconditioned air units your aircraft uses its own power when parked which is wasted energy and a negative environmental impact PCU and gpus or pcas and gpus are required to allow the aircraft to shut down their auxiliary power units systems are often Standalone and not monitor Airlines will pay the same for a service to the Airbus A320 and a380s as the actual energy consumption is not monitored but what if you could monitor it and then you can actually pay just what you use so now you're getting into metering and you're using you're paying just what you're using this may lead to a little bit more energy cost savings as well as a better experience on the airline side emergency communication and messaging airports tend to have a very diverse population Dynamic and expansive environment movement of people all directions and many different stakeholders as well as many different ahjs from facility management to TSA border control Customs so how do you solve that leverage different modalities you have paging you have gate sign boards your advertising these days tend to be digital and switching ads will put messaging there think about it not all of your visitors in an airport speak English or understand English how can we provide it in different languages in a way they can find that also understanding how you move people if you have a flight from overseas that has not gone through customs you can't put them out on the tarb back they can't exit the building automatically in case of a fire because this puts them against our border patrol laws so where do we move people in case of a fire having those Maps done and routing set to send them there just a couple of the things that you might do asset tracking is Big here think about missing lost equipment looking for things wheelchairs aeds all of these you can do it with Bluetooth other Technologies as [Music] well Laboratories here you've got Advanced user hmis with their dashboards and mobile apps labs are unique in many ways real time feedback on air quality critical you know think about your air changes per hour smart buildings can incorporate a multitude of Advanced Mobile based web-based room level visualization and alarms so these are something to think about your Advanced demand control ventilation can also Leverage The interconnectivity and intelligent indoor Environmental Quality dat data analytics to respond anticipate document and visualize not only ieq but energy use flow data on more you have room in lab level integration this includes lighting shading HVAC can help save energy give you greater productivity gains and increased flexibility so think about a lab where you may be in there when you're running an experiment it may be a 9 to5 you may be in there 24 hours allowing this to be used when you're in the space helps with that energy saving that we talked [Music] about in addition real time location service or rtls is also good that allows you to keep an eye on where your critical assets are and you know what do I need where did it go [Music] hazards fire suppression systems and fum hoods clean agent suppression you know these can be very challenging uh you have a unique risk with critical room pressurization and ensure that you have the right data the right actuators everything is still integrated in operation so just a couple of the things there one last use case here smart buildings for learning think about you know the first thing that comes to mind with a campus is going to be unfortunately emergency communications you need to be able to reach faculty students staff anytime anywhere you can have an automated response that could be activated via guey or single log in with the appropriate convential uh should be could be integrated between mass notification and room automation so that your Shades and lights throughout the facility could be turned off to provide or on to provide visibility from the outside for First Responders you know how do you learn and anticipate changes in demand based on user occupancy you're going to fill po a large assembly or a gym quickly how do you leverage that data so that you start maintaining the comfortable temperature humidity and ventilation that's needed but not 100% of the time that room doesn't need to be ice cold when no one's in it so how do I leverage a sensor showing me that data one of the biggest opportunities for smart buildings in the the school and campus environment is the living learning laboratory concept where the building becomes an immersive learning tool and is using it's using this whole co-creation approach so what you allow the students to do you may have dynamically controlled systems such as rainwater collection solar green rooftops Advanced shading and lighting occupancy security and fire and you allow the students to participate in Hands-On research and development of emerging technology uh we've had a couple of universities that we've worked with that have done this and allowed the students the opportunity to do projects on their own building so these are all a few of them that you can do or some of the use cases that we've seen you know as we look at a summary the biggest one is to start with the Y you need to focus on what the outcome is how is this building going to be used don't focus on the features think about how you're going to use the building I would recommend a proof of concept pilot this is where you scale it down it's a phased approach that gives a chance to get started to try it [Music] out advocate for an integrated team approach everyone needs to be a part of the team for this collaboration is really the name of the game and with that is develop a technology road map just because it's the latest greatest thing is that really the right widget to use start building technology is modular and extensible think about building blocks so it can be aligned with budgets and construction timelines consider phasing in technology over time consider piloting some of the technology in pieces or phases through test bed or Innovation Center approaches but if you do it with a road map keeping that outcomes based why in mind that allows you to understand how you're using the technology which will really mean that that road mapap is much better the other change through all of this that I hope you've picked up on is design and build for tomorrow not for today not for the moment I turn it over and then I'm done I'm off to the next one you know think about how you're using that building incorporate design and construction features that enable Progressive incorporation of Technology during not not only through the design and construction but throughout the operation and maintenance you may have additional sensors now but understand how and what you're doing with [Music] them protect against value engineering smart building features are often misunderstood from a value perspective and an outcome perspective so frequently that integration is pulled out when it comes into when it comes a value engineering topic so you need to understand what the implications are when you start peac mealing building technology through value engineering get involved with a technology partner early you know if you're going to use div 25 you need a technology partner early on include the owner operat ahjs and occupants when possible during the planning um you know one thing we've been saying is that a smart building is an extension of its users operators and the ahjs you know we hope that you're not called to it other than the initial commissioning but you need to be involved so that you're aware of it and your vision should be driving the technology rather than the technology driving us or you design and Implement virtual Facilities Management plan you know look at how you're going to do this there has to be continuous maintenance you have to look at predictive maintenance machine learning make sure that everyone involved with a project understands that one of the core elements of a smart building is its continuous maintenance [Music] qualify and quantify the first cost of non-traditional smart building technology is always you know by considering that long-term value and outcomes don't look at my upfront cost for the life cycle value the operational cost of a building during its life cycle is Ty typically around 10 times the cost of its design and construction so make sure that you have everything considered as part of [Music] this and as we said please take look at the concept you the idea of a proof concept approach you it's a great way to leverage this and to try things out you're starting with a w why sometimes you need to test it out try a proof of concept if that really is is what you wanted to do and with that how are we on questions and answers any more questions uh no I'm going to put out another call here this our last round of questions uh I do have a uh a question here on uh where do you see things going now you mentioned AR augmented reality and virtual reality early on in the talk is any of that uh what at what phases is that being integrated or is that still kind of in development you know I think it's where I've seen it have been with things like training to give people an opportunity to do Hands-On when it comes to training at least from a virtual perspective rather than actually activating all of the bells and whistles and evacuating your colleagues uh uh I see it in that sense I see it as being a great part of the design aspect this is a chance to walk through it and see what it's going to look like from a design perspective put yourself in that space now I see oh yeah this is what it looks like and and when you talked about interoperability right now each each uh vendor uh in terms of they they integrate systems within their within a building or within a project and their systems don't necessarily interoperate with other other vendors or other manufacturer systems right uh there are two types of things I would say most manufacturers can provide a data stream or a network interface to another manufacturer for a readon type of situation uh for example I've done a network interface for smoke control providing the readon data to a jci automation system so they could then activate the smoke control dampers actuators everything that needed to be done that's a one-way communication um a two-way communication I can do seens to seens because it's our system it's easier for us to get through UL listings and have that two-way Gateway some of the interoperability in that sense if it's a one-way data stream or overlay that's there right now and that's not a challenge it's when you get into proprietary programming that and UL compatibility where we have some of the limitations in the fire alarm side [Music] okay uh and then but we've always had we've always had interoperable systems okay all right thank you for that uh and then with regard to the fire alarm um you know the fire alarm is is as it exists today pretty much a uh you know kind of a a a 19th or early 20th century Concept in terms of the technology and the way that it's designed to work um you know and that a device either goes into alarm or is not an alarm and once it's an alarm you know it locks into alarm and then a responsible party has to come and and uh reset the device um where do you see kind of the the the traditional fire alarm uh going in the in the future uh in light of all the advances that we have in in sensors and uh and this technology um I see our detection sensors grow going in I'm going to call them use cases it's already it's already an existence and we already have application specific algorithms that tell us based on what's in the space what burns so we have multicriteria detectors that are available on the market now I see more multicriteria detection out there I see detectors that are capable of providing more information and data or picking up or is fire alarm systems picking up data from other sensors and other sources that may be out there based on that making a determination of what action to take um fire alarm because life safety is involved and that's risk and liability will always have some semblance of if I'm an alarm I need to look into alarm until it's reviewed I don't know that that's going to change in the short term until we address the liability aspect okay well those are those are all uh I mean these are big big issues uh what's your what's your feeling in terms of the industry and really this is goes Way Beyond you talk about you know liability being a a a a big concern to The Wider adoption of this uh or getting it Beyond kind of the you know uh getting into the life safety pieces which are most interest to the first responder Community um you know that that implies you know uh you know lawyers and and legal and risk people which are traditionally not you know in considered in the building architectural engineering space um and are those are those professional communities being engaged in this or how is that happening well insurance is definitely involved so risk is definitely involved think about it you have the fire protection engineer involved part of what they do with the design is based on the hazard and the risk analysis for the building and that really plays into the design factor uh so it's already there and already engaged um you know I think my personal two cents this is me personally thinking I think we're going to see some changes in Building Systems and leveraging more data and other systems the catch will be we have to find a way to balance data privacy and safety and once we do that I think we will have a lot more information at our hands possibly more than we may know what to do with so I would urge caution on just jumping full force in if you saw the amount of traffic think about the amount of traffic that goes across a security system card access especially in the morning when folks are badging into a building it could be very easy to miss a crucial part so this is where we're going to have to leverage machine learning or artificial intelligence to help filter out or to catch key data points okay uh so last call for questions um and then if for people who are interested uh in learning more where's a a good place to go uh to send people to to get some more details on all the various things that are swept up in this topic um let's see the Continental building automated Building Association is a good place to go uh I would say we could always connect you to the Nema high performance Building Council is another one um I'm gonna go ahead I'm going to I'm going to preempt Maria and I'm gonna because I can see people I can't write it down I know they can't so I'm GNA I'm gonna I'm gonna I'm gonna Strongarm you for a a follow-up uh reading list or organizations which I can then circulate to the attendees which I think will be really great so last call on questions this is your chance you've got a real expert on the line here somebody's got a really good understanding of a of of such a big an important area that we all are going to be impacted by I'll give you a few seconds here uh for that any questions don't be shy just real quickly in terms of the education challenges uh let's talk probably we we're most familiar with the fire protection engineering community um so what is that looking like now so this has made its way into the enging curricula and and people are coming through uh kind of aware of these Technologies and and working now in design with uh with building information models and digital Twins and all these things all of those have come in they've come in as separate systems in terms of calling it a smart building that is still coming uh you know as I said there's no one definition I think I started everything by saying that what we are looking at doing is however how do we Define those use cases how do we ensure that we are providing the data when we need it how we need it to who needs it um there is a work group that is looking at a proposal for the iodes that will reference a couple of the building Frameworks wired score um well buildings and Lead it's really looking at it more from an energy saving perspective of how you get there you know I think in terms of training there there's a lot out there there's a lot of new technology a lot of things shifting and changing okay um all right well uh Mariah I think uh the sign of any good topic uh is that you leave them wanting more and and this is such a big uh subject area uh and there's so much here I know uh you know because I try to to stay up with this and we've done some work peripheral uh but I can assure you that there's people here just like me are kind of you know pushed back from the screen and the the wheels are turning trying to take this all in so I want to thank you for for uh presenting for us and for sharing the information and uh you know we'll we'll certainly stay in touch and uh we'll be uh looking forward to the the followup and uh we may have you back in a in a few years uh and we look forward to to all the developments is there anything we can be doing is is professionals and sympathetic uh uh consumers in the in the building safety and Public Safety realm uh to help push this effort along I would say keep a couple things in mind one collaboration and two why it all comes back to what are you trying to do and why if you understand that then there's a reason or a way to find a path forward okay well I think that's a great place to end it and so uh to all of our attendees thank you very much and uh R once again to our presenter uh thank you and uh a reminder our our final presentation for the semester will be on May the 2nd we'll have Bob Henley the uh journalist and uh writer uh to talk about the politics of Public Safety in New York City uh which should be a uh a fun topic and uh certainly plenty to discuss so thank you all very much byebye e