Plenary (HD 720p): What The Foo?

right so this morning we're going to change things a little bit in terms of our speaker lineup I don't know how many of you get to attend conferences other than LCA but something I kind of enjoy and something I wanted to throw into the program was a mix of speakers one morning keeping it short sharp interesting hopefully relevant and and I'm really pleased to look at some of the people from the industry that we've got here this week and so I tapped a few of them on the shoulder and said look can we do this can we make this happen and I'm pleased that they said yes so we have Cooper Lee's from Facebook Carol Smith from Google and Mark McLaughlin from Red Hat so if we're ready I'd like to introduce Cooper Lee's from Facebook good morning everybody how's the heads yeah don't worry I feel the same but I've got experience with hangovers so we should be fine not with microphones how does this come back on how you doing good good yeah we should be good all right y so today why we get this happening I'll I'll start talking because I know we're limited on time I'm going to talk to you about Facebook and our open source initiative at Facebook uh just a quick quick shower hands who here knows that Facebook open source there's a lot of code that's pretty cool that's a lot I'd say it's about 60 to 70 percent and who he has actually got some Facebook quality bug-free code running in their production environment who's running butterfs who's using Mercurial who's there's plenty of projects so we we and one of the cool things working at Facebook are encouraged to open source things we've tried to improve uh when we go back to like some of the early projects we threw over the fence we literally did that and we've now uh tried to focus on doing the full ecosystem of an open source project so let's get numbers because nerds love numbers we have hundreds of GitHub repos and GitHub is our primary source of where we throw our open source code to and we have thousands of contributors from all across the world we're speaking Australians such as myself all the way up through North America everywhere and we get a lot more uh collaboration and involvement across all our replays these days we love graphs so let's look back at 2012 where we first sort of started open sourcing many of our projects and we've sort of grown all the way up to today you'll see that big dip at the top that's us throwing out some old projects that we no longer maintain or look after and we think it's a disservice to leave that code up there if we're not going to work on it you see the same kind of Trends with our commits naturally the number of total commits in all our repos and the commits per month I always thought this would be a weird statistic but you can see that the trend up where you see the big spikes is where we Fork projects an example would be MySQL into web scale SQL would be one that would cause a big growth there and things like that one of my favorite stats looking over the numbers with James Pierce is our open source sort of liaison is that our pull requests have grown so I thank you guys whoever submitted a pull request to anywhere at Facebook to any Facebook code base thank you and this is one of the main reasons why we do it yes we get to share our cool cool code that we do right but we also get value from you guys sending it back so please keep it up we want to be good citizens we know that we were we're not perfect when we first open sourced our code and I'm sure you've probably cursed our name before but we're now trying to to do a better job we've ever made an organization or a collaboration called to do to do.org where it's with other leading industry um companies uh to try and work together and do it better for all you so let's talk about some of our top projects is anyone running any of these so react if is the JavaScript UI framework that we use extensively throughout all of Facebook in dub dub dub and and other other things hhvm is one of our our most popular open source projects it is the PHP virtual machine runtime that has made PHP quicker photo not only us but also recently Wikipedia which I believe was three two to three x times quicker running on hhm as opposed to mod PHP with Apache the async Display Kit is a as it says as it says a asynchronous display kit for your IELTS apps used extensively throughout all our IELTS apps and one of my favorites is Presto and Presto is an SQ and SQL like interface that sits on top of large data stores so you can query it and pull the data out that you want so you can put that on top of rocksdb for example we also have a culture now of upstreaming things I myself have upstreamed some code don't uh yell at me if you get some bugs but uh some examples there are a chahaya which is a gobitarian Tracker that we use extensively within Facebook uh libtorrent I've put some fixes up predominantly for IPv6 now that we have V6 only clusters we have many core utils developers we we have two of the leading butter FS developers we do a lot on grep uh there's like a speed increase of some significant number that we recently released into grip I'm sure you've all used grep and then Mercurial we're really hammering out and scaling material for our needs and your law benefit from us making material faster and easier to use so code.facebook.com is our Hub our blog and talks about all the things that we're open sourcing and what it does and also links you to all the code repositories and GitHub github.com Facebook will get you straight to all their code let's go a bit more in depth to the area of Facebook I work I work in the netends department we have a large Network as large as Google was large and uh we have recently started dabbing and running our own Linux based topper rack switches so I'm going to talk a bit more about that ocp is the open compute project who here has heard of the open compute project excellent that's a big show of hands again uh the urban computer project is where we're open sourcing our complete data center ecosystem so that you guys can all benefit and I was actually talking to someone last night at the dinner who's using our rack design our service design and and uh possibly the switches as we move forward boss as we're wearing the shirt and if you have any questions about your boss the rest of the team is wearing the same shirt today is our open source switch software uh it's not open source yet but it will be we're looking to do that we want to make a bug free first so why we're doing this what do we want from our open source network devices so think about when you deal with your network vendor today it's pain free there's never a bug it's it works so well said no one ever so we want to try and break that apart and disaggregate the software from the hardware and make the switches more open and friendly and more automatable we want programmability we want openness and we want to treat our switches like we do our servers we have a vast vastly larger cluster of servers throughout the Facebook infrastructure than switches and they're a lot more automated so we want to do that to our switches so how are we going to do that this is uh the first Facebook built data center in Prineville Oregon uh right now it'd be snowing there and a lot colder than that photo but this is primeville Oregon and when we designed all this we actually did a lot of world first and designed all this and had all this design that we benefit from but we don't make money from data center design we don't make money from the rack design we don't make money from our standard server design So This Server that I'm showing here is our standard web server when you go to www.facebook.com or open your mobile app these are the things you're hitting there's many of them these are our racks so this is the sort of open compute rack that you'll see and the pdus to the side and all these designs with the complete data center infrastructure are open source for you to use and I was so excited last night to hear that a data center being built here in New Zealand is using these designs the open compute project it's been really successful uh just like even hearing it as a further strength in that why do we do open compute the big thing is save dollars we saved a lot we have more control over all our infrastructure now yes we have to have and control more of the pipeline we have complete control about changing designs working for us and scaling and then to get the benefits from other people using it so we sort of group open compute into to multiple different facets we have sort of the normal servers so I showed you our web server we we like to refer to them as webies and then we have like all the different parts so we we've open sourced our database servers we've open sourced our storage servers where we store all your photos cats pictures selfies all the important things of life and the last piece that we're really adding in is going to be the networking part and I'm really excited to be working on that and working on putting in our new switches as I said a bit earlier we want to disaggregate and pretty much fully open our Network and automate it I don't want to configure a switch ever again if I can avoid it somehow I find that hard but at least we can automate it so where are we at with the networking project in open compute we are here today we have open source switch which I'll introduce in a bit it's called wedge and then we have operating systems from different vendors already out there for people to use today so what is an open compute top of rack switch at its simplest form this is it we have compute memory RAM storage running an operating system and then we talk over Hardware to the hardware switching AC which is just Merchant silicon which all the big vendors use as well so what components have have we had to work on to get the switch up and working well first of all we need an installer naturally and this is just an x86 server so it's the same pixie boot install method that you'll use on all your Linux machines today so you can use the the same tool that you use to install os's you get an operating system so our switch is running Centos funnily enough the Facebook version is Centos and on top of that we have a API to talk down to the Asic and program it so to put the switch in it put the switch Port into its VLAN get some routable interfaces talker and get them usable and forwarding frames and packets and then on top of that you need the routing the routing control the the brain to actually work out the topology talk to other network devices and make sure it's configuring the ports correct so let's treat our switches as servers our switches actually run Chef as well and have cookbooks that configure all the ntp and do all that and that is awesome that I don't have to worry about that anymore so let's go to the hardware wedge has anyone sort of seen wedge or using the open compute switches I found one guy last night anyone else using white box switches it is very new so wedge is 16 ports of 40 gig e what we're also doing to to put it into existing racks with 10 gig next is using breakout DAC cables directly attached copper so that we can have 14 gigs per 40 gig and that's how we can fill the whole rack up um it's it's the Facebook blue matches this shirt and that's very important with nice blue LEDs and we've actually wrote some sweet code to do fancy things with LEDs that's the most important part I remember we were sitting in the lab that we had a temporary lab that we had near where we sit at Facebook one night we're all sitting there watching the lights and one of the HR people that sits nearby walks past and goes what are you doing and we're all sitting there staring at the LEDs and uh he goes is that why we pay you all the money for and we're like yeah this is the coolest part you can't beat blue LEDs so that's wedge um it's it's pretty it works I've seen it work it's 14 packets in our data center today so what's in it basically you'll see here as I said it's just our ocp server plugs into the into the board and basically programs the the merchant so again in this case it's broadcom and all the switch ports and the LEDs a boss we need we need to control a demon or a routing demon to both program the switch ports and do the routing so today it's a C plus plus 11 demon that sits there starts up like any other normal Linux demon runs and uh we'll talk via the API to the switches uh we'd like to disaggregate the protocols out of the controlling demon and talk Thrift we're using the thrift RPC API or calls to talk and communicate we don't we're not we're not we're trying to get away with the traditional clis and just have a config file and automation change configures you need we're looking forward to open sourcing it and it is a priority to get done so if we can help you route and switch in the future so let's treat our switch as a servers and move forward open sourcing more of our stuff that's sort of what we're working on at Facebook uh in in the open source Realm and thanks can you all hear me right we're going to do any questions if we've got time at the end or you can catch up with all the participants in this afterwards or in the corridor okay so we just want to keep things running so now I've got Carol Smith from the Google summer code program and the open source program at Google thank you that was very nice my name is Carol Smith I work in the open source programs office at Google and I'm here today to talk to you about the program that I manage Google somewhere of code uh for those of you who aren't familiar Google summer of code is not advancing my slides hold on just a second let's try just representing how's that sound there we go Google's number of code is an online international program that is designed to encourage University student participation in open source software development and it started with the idea that University students should get experience that is related to the things that they're studying in school outside of University and it would help them in their careers after they left school so the program provides a framework for students to work with an open source organization of their choosing and pays them a stipend in exchange for that development so that they can focus on the work that they're doing for the organization students get exposure to real world software scenarios like etiquette on a mailing list working with developers across time zones and using Version Control and this isn't just an experience that's useful for students who are majoring in computer science these are skills that are applicable to all sorts of University students who are majoring in all sorts of different things they're just useful life skills so the students also get references and contacts within the open source organizations that they work with these contacts often last years if not lifetimes people make friendships and they also get references that they can use while they try to network in their field and also after they leave University and are looking for their career also many of the students who participate in Google summer of code are new to open source and so this also helps bring in new developers and new lifeblood into the communities that they that they work with so that our open source organizations are continuing to have a thriving vibrant communities long after Google summer of code and Google summer of code gets more open source code created for everyone all of the successful student projects at the end of the year are posted to our program website and are available for the public to use and access however they so choose within the licensing requirements of the code so the general framework is that early in the year and this year it's going to be in February which is coming up soon so pay attention if you think you might be interested in this early in the year mentoring organizations apply to Google submit their applications to participate and then Google reviews those applications and chooses the organizations that they would like to participate in the program that's going to be in March of this year and then students submit their project proposals to the organizations that they would like to participate with and they can submit up to five proposals to potentially five organizations or one organization it's up to their choosing how they distribute it so they have a wide variety of organizations to choose from and can submit a bunch of different kinds of project proposals some of which might be more applicable to the organization that they're applying for depending on what projects they're interested in and then the organizations will choose review their applications and choose which students they'd like to participate they also pair them with a mentor that they would like to help them through the term of the program so that the students always have someone that they can reach out to and ask questions of and someone who can really help them through the whole process we announce which students are accepted in April and I just want to take a second because this is a 11th year of the program we celebrated our 10th anniversary last year and we've learned some important things about what makes Google summer of code so successful and what has made the program so long-lived and one of those things is this student Mentor relationship that I was talking about it's an incredibly integral part of why the program succeeds every year having someone who you can ask questions of and who can really help you through the open source community that you're working with is really an important part of the whole process and of the programs success so once the students are announced and accepted the students work on a project for about a four-month time period and they execute two Milestones that they laid out in that original project proposal for their organizations and the students and the mentors go through two evaluations a midterm and a final and this isn't just the mentors evaluating the students on their project progress It's also the men these students evaluating the mentors and their organizations on how well they're doing as a community and mentoring that student and we take a lot of that feedback into consideration and in the following years of the program to make sure that the organizations that are mentoring the students are doing a good job and are continuing to foster a really open community at the end of the term in addition to passing a final evaluation the students also submit their entire project to our program website and again that becomes available for anyone who's interested in participating to use so as I said 2014 was the 10th anniversary of the program and thank you and uh thank you for the Applause because my next slide is going to be that we really want to say a really profound thank yous there's probably some people sitting in this room who've participated in Google summer of code over the last 10 years as students or mentors or organization administrators and we literally could not have done it without you so thank you give yourselves a round of applause um you you guys are what has made this program as successful as it has been so we made some changes to the program in 2014 in celebration of the 10th anniversary and those are going to be staying in place for 2015. this program and I want to talk about a few of those one thing is that we raise the student stipend from 5000 to 5500 US dollars for a student who successfully completes the whole program and so that's going to be staying in place for 2015 and hopefully it keeps the program competitive with other internships and other opportunities that the students might have when they're looking around at University another is that we accepted more Google summer of code students than we ever have before 1307 in all and we're hoping to accept a similar number in 2015. and again this is an international program so these students are literally from all over the world over the past 10 years we have had 8616 students participate in summer of code please give them all around if Applause and we also accepted more mentoring organizations in 2014 than we ever have before 190 in all and again we hope to accept a similar number this year as well in the last 10 years the we've seen the most students from the United States India and Germany but we are seeing a trend where we're having more and more students from underrepresented and developing nations participate and we're really proud of this and we hope that this trend continues for the last three years in a row we've had more students from India than we have from the United States and I hope that it continues to grow that we see more students from new countries where we've never had participants before and hopefully you guys can get help us get the word out on to those students in those developing nations those underrepresented Nations so that we can continue to see a really diverse Community participating in summer of code every year unless you think that summer of code is not represented in the southern hemisphere we have had 28 students participate from New Zealand and 83 students participate from Australia over the last 10 years we estimate that over the last 10 years there have been 50 million lines of code produced by Google summer of code students yeah um and also Google summer of code as I said isn't just for computer science students we've had students who have been majoring in cartography Linguistics music film business there's all kinds of Majors represented in this program and these are skills that help students no matter what they're majoring in it's not just specific to computer science it's also not just an undergraduate program we have students who are graduates and phds who participate every year as well if you think that you might be interested in the program I would encourage you to participate and we'd love to have you and our applications for mentoring organizations are going to be coming up on the 9th of February and they run until the 20th of February if you represent a mentoring organization that you think might be interested in applying you should speak to your community and start getting together an application we also post all of the questions that we ask on our application for mentoring organizations on our website so that you can just start preparing your application now with your with your fellow folks in the in your community so that you are all prepared for February 9th and we're going to be announcing which organizations are participating on March 2nd and then if you are a student who might be interested in participating this year we are going to start accepting student applications on March 16th and those run until the 27th if you are a student who is interested in participating I would encourage you not to wait until the student application is open I would encourage you to get involved within open source organization now and start volunteering and contributing it will only make your application stronger we're going to announce which students are participating in the program on April 27th and then we have a community bonding period that runs for a month from April 27th to May 25th and this is another one of the key aspects of why we feel Google summer of code has been so successful is because it provides a month for students to get familiar with their code the code base they're going to be working on and also to learn any skills that they need to know for their project and it also lets them get to know their mentor and their community and makes them feel more welcome more at home and more comfortable with the work that they're going to be doing over over Google summer of code they're not actually expected to start coding until May 25th and so again they have some time to get adjusted and get familiar with what they're going to be working on uh we have as I said midterm evaluations start on June 26th and run until July 3rd this is actually a change from last year's program we're going to be running the uh evaluations for a full week as opposed to five days to give people an extra few days to submit their evaluations and like I said this isn't just the mentors evaluating the students progress It's also the students evaluating the mentors and we do pay close attention to what the students say about their organizations and we take it into consideration final evaluations are the 21st of August to the 28th of August and that and all the students who pass their final evaluations are also expected to submit their code by September 25th and I just want to take a moment to say that if you're thinking about contributing gsoc is a really rewarding experience and we've heard from mentors over and over again that this is a a really wonderful program and it's uh if you're if you're on the fence I would encourage you to participate students as well have formed lasting relationships and bonds that last years if not life lifetimes and it's a wonderful program that lots of people have benefited from all over the world um just some links for you guys if you're interested Google Dash melange.com is where we administer the whole program from and I have a short link to our discussion list if you'd like to just see what kinds of questions are being asked or contribute to the discussion that's a short link for our our mailing list you can subscribe to and then we have uh two manuals that I would encourage you to read if you're a potential student or a potential Mentor or a potential org admin we these are written by students for students and by mentors for mentors and they're um they have really Hands-On advice and and interesting knowledge for you guys to to make use of also I just wanted to say one note about the conference a lot of the AV volunteers who are here were funded by gsoc which is awesome as well so thank you guys thank you Carol and as Carol mentioned yeah we've got a team several of whom have come in from India who are working on the AV software for this and future conferences and they're working with Tim and the team around developing the HD platform hopefully we'll be using a future LCA so I mean it's it's great to see programs like this benefiting conferences like ours and moving things into the future so coming up next we've got Mark McLaughlin from Red Hat so we've heard it from Facebook about some of the cool things they're doing in the data center particularly around Hardware in the data center now let's have a look how software is impacting the future of the data center hey morning everyone I'm not here to talk about gnome that's just my desktop background although I did work on gnome for quite a while and still a big fan of gnome here I am so my name is uh Mark and I work at red hat on openstack and I'm here to talk to you today I guess from Red Hat's perspective how we see open source like really changing what's going on in the data center these days um so times are changing right hopefully we're all seeing it we're all wearing it aware of it we're aware of things like infrastructure as a service platform as a service um you know new application architectures like microservices um you know how people are aiming for kind of scale out architectures and their applications we're aware of you know things like continuous deployment agile and devops and these these are all part of you know the same team the same Trend the same kind of um desire on the part of people who want to have ideas and want to bring them to the market bring them to users as fast as possible get feedback and really iterate and really learn from their users so this is our new reality right this is the world we live in um you know you might notice one morning your phone um your Google Hangout app for example has completely changed one morning this is the world we live in um but it's evolving like crazy and so like often in this space the behemoths right the the Amazons the Googles the Facebooks and the Microsoft they're leading the way they're showing a lot of the the trends here they're you know a lot of the Innovations coming from there um and they're building it on Open Source um and I think that's really positive and there's a lot of opportunities there when we're seeing for we heard from like um Cooper and Carol about a lot of the work they're doing in the open source world and the benefits we're getting from from the work they're doing there and because we don't want it to be like this right um this stuff this new way of delivering applications it's a competitive Advantage right it's it's it's uh it's if you can Master this if you can Master these up these ways of architecting your applications if you can Master these ways of operating and delivering your applications it's a real competitive advantage and everybody wants a piece of this right even telcos so this has really surprised me lately and I'm just learning a lot about it myself um you know for me I guess I've worked in the open source world for 10 15 years now and my really only understanding of the Telco space Upson now has been we're special right telcos any conversation it's about how special telcos are how different the use cases are there how um you know when you pick up the phone the dial Zone has to work lives depend on it um you know demands for high availability that no other sector has demands for deterministic performance that the water sector has it can be quite an off-putting conversation sometimes but telcos these days are really squeezed and really scrambling right if you think about how much you used SMS five years ago versus now you're using Hangouts or Whatsapp or SnapChat or whatever it is um telcos really are are the world is changing very quickly for them and they're learning that they have to adapt quickly um so at telcos need this agility they need this responses just as much as anyone else does but if you look at the current Telco data data center the the reality of telco's lives right now these data centers are filled with big expensive proprietary boxes and it's not just networking forward and gear it's not just the the mobile packet core it's not just um all of that kind of stuff you think about it it's basically all of telco's applications all of their their ways of delivering value to all those users they're all locked in these um you know big expensive boxes and these these applications they take years to build they take years to phase out and they're really difficult to scale and this is the complete opposite of the agility and and responsiveness that Telco is needed in in this world and so you know to me that's how I imagine telcos these days right just pure frustration um they can't respond fast enough and they need a new way of doing things so you might have heard this new buzzword acronym that's going around at the moment called Network functions virtualization it took me a little while to understand what this was all about and how um you know how it fits in the broader scheme of things and but it's all it's about making that shift from the current Telco data center to you know modern data centers um where your infrastructure is behind an API where it's fully automated and the kind of data center that you can then build modern applications on so virtualized applications that scale out um you know that iterate quickly um but they still need carrier grade right they're still special they still have all these requirements that they think no one else has um but interestingly enough there is real industry consensus right now around building these new data centers with an open source stack um so if you think about some of the pieces that these data centers have been built it's it's openstack it's things like the sdn controller called open daylight open v-switch um you know it's Linux it's KVM it's popular it's all of these things that we're building um you know other data centers with the telcos are also going with these two and so one of the interesting things that's happened in the last year is Linux foundation and you know a bunch of telcos and Telco vendors and companies like red hat founded this organization called openfe and the idea here is not so much to build a new software but to build kind of a reference architecture for for the Telco data center using all open source components and really get collaboration across the Telco industry um on on this so why why are these why are these childcos doing with open source and you know why are we seeing open source just generally dominate um this space right now you know it's it's all about collaboration and cooperation right if you think about the the spot the telecoms are in right now and they realize that you know to get out of that and to to you know to survive I guess in the long term they need to collaborate together and they need to they are in competition with each other but they're actually more jointly in competition with a broader change in the world right now so collaborate together and they can they can all benefit together but also I think there's a growing understand that diversity um in projects diversity and collaboration and diversity of interests really drives some really interesting Innovation and if you've kind of got just um homogeneous interests in a project uh you know you don't really get um do an interesting stuff coming from that as much and but it's also about sustainability too right if you if you think about something like Linux for example it's been around a long term time and we all know it's going to be around a long long time too um and that's you know that's what what you're really aiming for um and also a demand on the part of say Telco is if you think about them and purchasing from vendors they really want the ability to not be locked into specific vendors they want the ability to to move um between vendors and that's you know something generally open source delivers on so I guess what I'm here to say today is you know there's a lot going on here um I'd encourage you all to really think about um being involved here if you're not already you know Choose Your Mission Play Your Part um but I guess there's different ways of thinking about how you might approach this right you might want to just get involved and make a bunch of money and I know that's not the most political thing to say here for example um but what I mean here is there's a lot of there's there's a lot being invested in this space right now and why not have some open source people make some money out of it some people that actually understand um how open source works and but also hopefully you have a bit more of a higher purpose here right like I describe my purpose in this space is you know it's about building diverse communities dedicated to writing and maintaining software that solves problems users care about there's a lot of in that statement right there's a lot to unpack there but hopefully there's a lot of stuff that that you guys that resonate with you guys there but I think you know listening to eben's talk in particular on Tuesday you know it's also about being involved and influencing a future of it which empowers and enables you know the future free societies that we all want um so you know there's a lot going on here there's a lot relevant to all of us here and I'd encourage you guys to get involved and thank you right well we actually are running under time so I'm going to invite our three speakers back up and we have actually got 10 minutes for questions which is awesome ah you first wow that was quick hi it's actually a question for Carol um seeing a lot of Twitter comments about this one actually with the summer of code we've only got about one percent of people in the southern hemisphere participating a Google considering setting one up perhaps that the southern hemisphere could participate in uh we actually run a program that is during the southern hemisphere summer right now and it's called Google Coden and it's for 13 to 17 year olds and it actually I think don't quote me on just uh everyone on the live stream just don't quote me on this I think it either ended this week or last week and so basically uh we're a team of three and one of us runs Google summer of code and one of us runs Google code in so unfortunately the answer is we don't really have the time constraints to be able to run yet a third program not at this moment but we still have lots of participants from the southern hemisphere every year in Google summer of code and I hope that you know people are able to make schedule concessions and if they're not then uh they you know we also have opw available to them as well to participate in and there's other opportunities too okay my question is for the three of you um first Carol is specifically is to do with the students as well how many what sort of diversity do you have in your organizations and I'm not just talking about women I'm just talking about um you know people with disabilities and people who are probably you know not I would say maybe not as widely accepted in the world but they do like some fun things um so like I said in the talk we're seeing a trend of more and more students from developing nations underrepresented Nations which is awesome in terms of women we have about third 12 13 women who participate in Google summer of code in terms of disabilities I honestly don't know because we don't ask people to disclose that to us when they participate in the program so I don't really have statistics on that so sorry so I'm probably the worst person at Facebook to ask that um we have Australians um I get I get I get constantly reminded by my British co-workers that I'm a convict so I don't know is that cool um we have people from all over the world all across Facebook infrastructure we have a very high percentage of females for an engineering company um like let alone the group that I have here is all of Europe and America and myself so like I guess we're kind of diverse but I can't give you numbers or anything because I don't know it oh I actually have them right here um yeah and in the open source World generally I think we're doing pretty terrible and as Red Hats we're you know where peel play open source company so it's pretty reflected within our organization um you know the way I like to think about it and talk about it is you know within our communities and Leslie gave a great talk yesterday has given it before about you know taking a better privilege and unpacking our privilege um you know it's a really important thing to think about within open source communities and you know I'd like to bring it to you know very easy to understand examples like um just simply if you don't say speak um English or if you're you know from a culture that you maybe perhaps not want to bring yourself forward so much it's really really really difficult to get involved in some of our communities and and influence those communities and anything we can do to um you know to bridge that Gap and be more um welcoming communities and more understanding communities I think that's great and we have a ton of work to do can I just add a little something from our Diversity Program from this year as well just to give you guys an idea of what's been going on um new people you fellow humans um we funded it's you know you guys know I work for Red Hat within the conference I tried to step away from that particularly when we've been doing selecting of the program the Keynotes all the bits of the process I have to be objective even within the Diversity Program it was until after we funded people we realized we'd actually brought in two female interns from Red Hat one based in India and one based in Dallas Texas that's an example of what we're doing in our intern program we also ended up bringing in an open source engineer out of uh VMware based out of California so this is awesome to see these businesses investing in interim programs and in open source programs in a diverse manner so that's really really good and I again I want to thank the people who helped fund that Diversity Program for us any more questions hi uh gentleman from Facebook I just want to know where the Facebook I just want to know if Facebook's putting any pressure on Hardware vendors lower in the stack to open source I go with Open Source Hardware open the firmware for the biases you know open the whole stack from top to bottom uh we put a lot of pressure on Hardware vendors um we've suggested that many times and we've seen some response so Juniper is one example they now have an open compute switch that you can purchase and put junos on it um I don't think junos has been open source but they've made it support on the open Hardware so that's one part one example I know uh the other vendors I don't know yet but we have suggested we hope by us doing this and more white box switch and becoming more pervasive it will happen you're long over this morning what's going on come on another question yeah it's all hungover this one's primarily for Facebook and for Google a lot of I'm reading a lot about companies complaining about shortages of potential employees and the like red hat I've noticed have a quite a good remote working contingent but companies like Facebook and Google want you to move to Sydney and places to work um uh I can answer that very quickly which is I have no idea about any of the hiring that happens at Google I I focus entirely on Google summer of code so I don't have an answer for you I'm sorry it's a Facebook um we have our locations sometimes like people don't want to go to those locations to work is that so I just so I've understood it correctly you you think Facebook should open more locations to get more people or like I think there's a whole world of talent and they shouldn't all have to move just to work for these places um yeah and there are a lot of I agree but I'm not official like at that level at Facebook um you know I chose to move to to Menlo Park or in San Francisco in um the United States of America got there um but it is an American company it was started there um so it is american-centric Google's grown pretty well I don't know what our plans are in that so I I don't know how to really to answer your question but yeah I agree with you there is a world of talent I know trying to recruit Australian friends and people down here in the southern hemisphere not everyone wants to move to America um but it's it's personal choice I guess I I quite like living in America it's good fun yeah I will probably come back to Australia one day though the way I look at it is and you know I work from Dublin Ireland I've um you know been working from my home for the last 11 years or so you know with our open source projects you know to be a part of these projects and make an impact and make an influence you can be anywhere in the world and uh you know that's valued at a lot of organizations that you know so that's where we go with right um we value people around the world who work remotely and it's a model that works really well and very compatible with working on open source I think yeah I was just going to throw in on not in an official capacity but we have a very strong engineering office in Sydney Australia we have this is Google and we sorry Google has a very strong engineering office in Sydney and we are hiring people all the time uh similarly in Europe we have quite large offices so it's there is it's true that there is the largest body of engineers in the US but that's not true that they're the only ones right this isn't turning into a hiring fast but if you want to go and talk about a job later that's up to you and I think Carol's got some things to give away at Red Joe late if you want to go and fight her now we've got one last question so this is less a question and more of a call to action with the comment that maybe there should be a summer of code for the southern hemisphere and obviously it doesn't look like that's happening anytime soon but we have representatives of many companies here some of whom have fairly large presences in southern hemisphere countries so maybe someone else could step up to the plate and run a summer of code for the southern hemisphere I would love that please let's let's do that I've got a full-time job surely somebody else could take it catalysts locally in New Zealand actually run a whole series of programs throughout summer particularly a student program so there's things going on we need more of them but it's awesome we've got one of our partners who's actually running a local program if it's obvious or not but can replicate it and we would welcome you too and people have and it it's freely available for anyone to model however they would like and oh by the way the software that the program is run on is also open source so if you need program Administration tools you can use that as well okay I want you all to thank our three participants this morning I hope you got something out of it I know I did it was great enjoy your morning morning tears being served you want to come and find Carol hopefully she'll have a few pens and giveaways during the day don't bother too much thank you