Daily Current Affairs Analysis | 22nd August, 2026 | Shankar IAS Academy | UPSC | Mains 2026

[Music] Hi Hello and Welcome to Shankar IS Academy's Daily Current Affairs Analysis and Today's Date is 2 of August 2026. Please Like, Comment, Share and Subscribe to Our YouTube Channel and Hit on the Bell Icon to Receive Instant Updates and All. All Notifications With That We Also Have A Small Announcement To Make About The Prelims Test Series Which Starts On 7th Of September Ah 2026 This Is Your Test Series For 2027 Prelims. So, you have 48 integrated tests. Ah you have the sectional test and you also have the full test. Please make use of the opportunity and call the number 9003090031. It is both online and offline mode of ah test series. So, Ah please make Ah use of it Ah as you damn fit. With that let's move to the topics of discussion for the day. The Topics of Discussion for the Day. The first topic is about the National Medical Commission's proposal for a single license for doctors because earlier if you see each state had a different medical license that was required for doctors' practice. Now we are having a cooperative federalism in this. The second one is about the Vanashakti Verdict and usually people say that violet first and then you can regularize the environment letter. So, this is going to stop and we're going to actually bring in ah ah Unified Amendment under section three. We will see what that is. And the third one is about the climate health workforce workers and how they are helping to overcome the disasters happening during climate change. The fourth one is about the MMDR Amendment Act of 2026 and the final one is the prelims focus for the day. So, now we have come to the first topic of the day. National Medical Commission proposed single license for doctors. You see that there is ah something called as the unique identification number or the unified identification number. Which has been booked in Ah by the National Medical Commission. And it is ah told that, ah you know what? Even if you are a doctor who is working in Delhi [sound of clearing throat] you are transferred to Chandigarh. When you come to Chandigarh you can work there without getting a new license. So what happened earlier now you can decode that earlier people had to go and get a new license each time they transfer to a state. So each time they will have to apply, each time they will have to get the license approved, only then can they practice the medicine. So in this background in this context I hope you are clear. Let's go into the article. So while news the National Medical Commission it is notified the draft registration. So this is a draft Registration of Medical Practitioners and License to Practice Medicine Amendment. So this is coming to accord in 2026 or to be precised on August 11th of 2026. So, with that, we're going to see about, what is the proposal? So, you see when a proposal one State Medical Council will be allotting a unique identification number. This is your primary state. So you stay here and start your career now in Delhi. That will be your primary state and based on your primary state this is an example it will have a unique identification ID ah and then in the National Medical Register. So because it is national it is centrally applicable. So you can be you will be able to practice anywhere in India because you have this unique identification number or the UID so from your primary state you can move to any state in India and practice. So this is point one. The point is you do not need any fresh registration. Any fresh state registration is not required and separate license is also not required in any state and in any union territory. So the NMR that is the National Medical Register NMR would create a central scheme to track registration. So when you track registration they will know the states you move across showcasing your growth. So second is a license status. What Do I Mean by License Status? If you are active and if you are inactive and showing your professional record. Then you have the disciplinary record. The disciplinary record also shows that it you will have your negligees. and Unethical Behaviors Accounted For. So this will give a transparency and accountability mechanism. Right? So this is basically about the National Medical Register and this will have an automatic electronic synchronization that is between the state and the national registers which again gives a cooperative federalism. Ok? This is about the proposal. This is about the details that you need to know while going into it. Moving on to what is a National Medical Register? It is the central repository of the doctors and where they have been posted, what they are going to and they will have a certain important requirement and they will have certain details. So the first one will be about the unique identification. Details for National Cadet and State Wise Registration Details Shows Cases Record of Doctors Present in India ISN Status Active and Inactive Showcases Showcases the Period of Time and Experience. Disciplinary proceedings have accountability mechanisms, suspension, removal and restoration of the register, and universal access, automatic electronic infiltration between state and NMR. We have already seen this as cooperative federalism. So when you're writing in a main answer, these are the explanations that you should give. The unique identification number shows a national record and it also gives a state wise movement and you will have a record as to where this doctor is moving. The second one is when you have the registration details. The registration detail showcase is that, there is a record of doctors. This much amount of record of doctors present in India, so, in case there are 0.9 doctors, for each ah 100 patients. For example this record can be adopted this statistical data can be adopted based on the registration details and based on this you can see in the centre there are this much doctors and for example UP has the highest amount of doctors or Tamil Nadu has the lowest amount of doctors. Anything like that. And the license status active or inactive will show how much a period of time an experience a person is there. Ah how much time is he taking as a break? How much time is it taking to come back from all of that. And disciplinary proceedings should give us accountability. So when you see the track record you will know that this person has been accountable. These are the mistakes that he has made earlier or this person has an impeccable track record and has not made any mistakes. Suspension removal and registration will give a universal access for us to know again about the proceedings. And when there is electronic synchronization between the national and state registries. That is a cooperative federation that happens. So the role of the State Medical Council is that it continues to grant registration and licence and their decisions would be reflected in the State Medical Register and the National Medical Register. So there is a national portability of licenses without completely removing the state level regulatory role. So the proposal creates a national portability of licenses. This national portability of license will give autonomy to the states. Autonomy to Centre and to State. So this again it is both the institutions working in tand. So this is the role of the State Medical Commission and the National Medical Register. So the disciplinary jurisdiction. So let's say that the State Medical Council found that you have a medical negligence and ah this will the SMR will primarily handle your disciplinary proceedings that is present. And once, this disciplinary proceedings has been recorded. The Medical Negligence Has Been Found. The outcome will be recorded in the NMR. So first the state medical council will record it and then it will put it in the national medical record and then if you go to a new state and then you make a new mistake then say if this is in Delhi this is recorded in NMR based on Delhi and let's say this Chandigarh this will also be recorded in the NMR in the doctor's primary state register it will go under Delhi but it will have a bracket saying in Chandigarh this person has done this so the primary state in which you are resting will have the most importance that is present what is the license validity so for five years you have a validity of the license after that you will have a period of 3 months after the expiry ah to go and reregister ah but if you fail to do that in the given 90 days then your ah status will become inactive and an inactive doctor will not practice medicine. So ah if a state medical commission rejects the registration ah license and if it rejects the renewal a doctor will appeal to the Ethics and Medical Registration Board. The Ethics and Medical Registration Board When they give a judgment it is binding. It is final. The State Medical Commission should add by it. So I go with the case saying that ah a person has done so and so fault. In that case the Ethics Board of Desi C deem fit that this person can practice medicine. We have to do it. And there are two things to note. One is medical negligence and the other one is medical misconduct. So medical misconduct is when you take something like a bribe, you take something like corruption, you voluntarily do not give treatment, negligence is when you are harming yourself, you are conducting a surgery, when you are taking drugs, you are consuming drugs before you are doing something and you are voluntarily not properly focused in you are doing a surgery, all of this will come under the Ethics and Medical Registration Board and they will give their decision and that decision is binding and finding. So, why is this significant? What are the key factors? You see that it has easier interstate mobility? Fast Access to Medical Track Records. Why should you have fast access to medical track records? You see there is a brain drain condition in India. What is a brain drain condition? That is qualified doctors they move to abroad nations. So the requirement for doctors is high. So when you have interstate mobility you will actually have access to doctors. They can go here and there and they can help. So, it removes the repetitive registration procedure. So that you will have faster access to the best brains and award procedural delay deployment of specialists and doctors to areas facing shortages for example during COVID-19 status with higher development and more doctors will be more efficient. So requirement of doctors in such a case in these lower concentration states. Can be mapped and helped. So this is one for patients, it improves access to medical professionals across state boundaries and there is a common digital and regulatory database which gives in transparency which gives in the accountability. You can know which person is treating me. What is this track record? Is this person actually conducting surgeries? Is R Is Surgery Successful. You can get all the details here and you can track his disciplinary history. So, it will promote trans ah ah transparency and uniformity. So, you can use this in your GS paper two and paper three. So, the federalism angle again, you see that health is primarily under the state list. Yes we know that in the seventh schedule. So medical education and professional regulation will also involve a universal regulation. So This Will Balance The National Uniformity With The Local State Needs And Store State Records. So, this is the federalism angle. This definitely improves our cooperative federalism which you can mention in GS too. and the foreign medical graduates. So, a lot of foreign medical graduates have come in. Now we have given a proper definition to it. So it revises the definition of the foreign medical graduate. So Indian citizens and Overseas Indian Citizens of India ( OCIs) with foreign qualifications in the allopathic medicine who do not possess Indian undergraduate medical degree will be that. There is also an FMG Examination Qual and the FMG Examination people who are qualified meeting the prescribed conditions remain eligible for registration. So now this is important to note because who does not possess an Indian undergraduate medical degree. Even if they are foreign they have got their education in foreign. It is okay. This Is Something That Is Revised. And if they have qualified the exam as per the prescribed conditions, they are eligible for registration and they will get a UID. So, that is also important to remember. Now there is also the foreign nationals who come in who are here and they are pursuing their post graduate and super specialty courses. So, temporarily they will have a proposed registration for the duration of the course. But, they can register for a maximum of two years. After that you will have a one year gap and again you will have to register. So this is the temporary registration that is present. I hope you are clear with this article. So, if you have any doubts please let us know in the comment section. Now we will go to the UPSC practice questions. Ah consider the following statements regarding National Medical Commission's proposed single licensing system for doctors. A doctor registered with the Medical Council and allotted UID in the National Medical Register would be permitted to practice across India without fresh registration in another state. Yes. So statement one is absolutely right. So, option B will go away. The National Medical Register would contain information on registration status as well as disciplinary proceedings against doctors. Yes. The statement to is also absolutely right. So, option C will go away. So under the proposal all disciplinary matters concerning doctors would be decided by the National Medical Commission. No, we know that there is also an ethics board that is involved. So ah statement three is wrong. So the answer should be option A one and two only. Let's check the answer. Yes, the answer is option A one and two only. With this we have come to the end of the first topic of the day and let's move to the second topic about the Vanashakti Will. It is also a very very interesting amendment. Let's move to it. So the next topic of the day is about the Vanashakti Verdict a Balance Reset. So, there is something called a violation strategy that we have. So, you violet first and then you go redefine it and then you rectify it later. So, this is generally done with the environmental perspective. Yes. So now the Supreme Court has given a ruling. It is the status that you see in the Vanashakti vs Union of India that there is a mandatory clear environmental clearance that should happen in an area where do you want to create some infrastructure and some development or some rehabilitation for the people or for the corporate sector. So, this ah is stuck down in 2017 and 2021 ah in regularization route. So, every time you go towards the regularization route, you do not have a common framework. Which is why in section three they are going to bring in a common framework ah that is the statutory scheme under section three. So, we have to see about the Environmental Protection Act 1986 and also about this Vanashakti wording. Now let's go into ah the comparison of the case. So the Vanashakti vs Union of India ah the Supreme Court of India has given it in 29 July 2026. So, now it says that you cannot decide the faith of any project without environmental clearance. Environmental clearance is something that is primary, something that is important and something that you should go by. So, the AH 2017 notification and 202 OM means office mandate is stuck down. What does this role of the office mandate have? So let me brief it to you. So when you have an administrative memo you can't say that I have an administrative memo I have an OM. So I'm going to bypass the clearance you can't do that. So which is why this is going to be stuck down. And prior environmental clearance is mandatory in the law. And this is preserved in Section 3 of the EP Act of 1986. So, the EP Act is the Environmental Protection Act. So, what is the M ah Environmental Impact Assessment Notification of 2016? It is under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986, where in you need to have a clear list of what you are going to do when you have an environmental clearance for a project. So, this prior clearance should be there for the listed projects. And there are two categories. The Category A is the Central Category and the Category B is the State Category. And the stages are you first screen the project you see its impacts and then you see the scope of the project and you see the necessity what it is going to bring to the table after that you give the opinion and the board gives a judgment with a committee for example you can mention the Kasturi Rangan committee the Madhav Gard Gill committee and then you operate the issue after that so, the regulatory authority is the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change. And then the rule is no construction before clearance. So, this is about the case and the Environmental Impact Assessment of 2006. Now we are going into the timeline, you see the environmental clearance first, it was under the 1986 Act that this happened. But, in 2006, people thought that we were just having a parent act. What is the impact? If I Do Something, What Is the Impact? What is the outcome? I need to know that. That is when the Environmental Impact Notification came into accord and that was in 2006. Once this happened, the environmental clearance became mandatory. After that, the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change opened the first violation window. So, I'm Giving an Impact Assessment. I am saying, this is what should be done. But what if people are violating that, then what will I do? That is when the violation window was open in 2021, they saw that there were a lot of office memorandums and a lot of administrative differences that happened because of which they stuck down this and they said there is an SOP that is going to be free for violations. But the public interest litigation. They challenged this and they said that you know what office memorandums are actually a loophole. People are escaping from this act because they want to get their construction done. And they want to get this particular project done. They are actually getting an office memorandum. They are getting an administrative opportunity to have a loophole and get out of this. And after that the Supreme Court struck down the OM in Manshakti Verdict. One This Happened, There Were Key Six Directions. First one is the Environmental Impact Assessment 2006 rule is non-negotiable which is why the impact assessment will not violate but it will rehabilitate what it will rehabilitate the environment 2017 and 202 rules are bar because OM plus administrative orders used as loop holes only statutory tools are used to overide rules so initially statutory EC becomes mandatory. So there is no permanent shortcut window that is rejected you can not violet without clearing. You should regularize properly. And Then There Is No Auto Demolition. It is case by case. So it is tailor made and it is not a blanket closure. And the Centre keeps the EP Act in legislative power. So section three is intact. Now You See The Courts Balance What Is Stuck Down What Is Preserved. So the 2007 and 202 office mandates are stuck down. The statutory notification route is present. s post facto regularization here there is mandatory prior clearance because after what is post facto means after violation you regularize right we don't want that we want prior clearance and we want to regularize what is happening authority is the executive memoranda now know it is section three of the Environmental Protection Act of 1986 36 first while fresh violation entries by the remedy now you have a one time public interest scheme this is what you will right in your way forward even two we are going to deal with the way forward separately this is something that you have to right in your way forward while it first fix later will go and rule of law will be there over with convenience this is a court balance based on what it has stuck down and what it has preserved now is safe card cards for any future Scheme. What are the Safe Cards? The first one is no recurring regularization root only one time. So This Is The Section Three Of EP Of The 1986 Act. And the notification will be there under the EP act. Again. So, there will be a damage audit that will be done. So, when you talk about a damage audit, there is a full environmental impact assessment. When was the environmental impact assessment boat into working out? It's in 2006. So once this is done only will we identify if ah this project is necessary or this project is unnecessary. So, ecological devastation becomes very, very mandatory. So, the polluters face levy on the violators. And there is a post clearance compliance oversee. So, in case you have overseen that's happening, you will actually pay for it. You will be punished for it. So, the environmental clearance is becoming stricter and stricter. So now there are implications also. So what is the project and what is the proponent? So, now the 2021 and 2017 rules are closed. Now that's a fresh, stately scheme. The draft is actually being recorded and the uncertainty on pending violation cases will be rectified based on new rules and policies. There as a prior EC principle and it is firmly reasserted there is higher enforcement burden that is expected because different states have different issues. So the issues are glocal, global, but plus local that is glocal. So the environmental burden enforcement burden is expected and there is clear president on the official mandate versus the notification so section three here it wins right so OM is out of a cord now the concerns are there are lot of pending violations so they lack a pathway so the pending violations should be cleared based on rule of law investment losses for near compliant units. So, basically they have complained most of it. Most of it they have gone according to the record. But there are minor things that they have changed. And what are the sum costs? What will happen to them should be there. Those are the concerns. So, understaffed state boards. So recruitment and maintenance of staff all of this will be an issue. Job losses will be there if closures are ordered. The fresh scheme will have a new challenge and state clearance capacity will vary widely. So these are the concerns and criticisms. The way forward is that one time static windows will be there with deteriorated. Strengthen the Appraisals and Public Hearings. So have a digital tracking of the dashboards. What is happening? What are the environmental clearances that are happening? Single track track board. Green benches for violations, enforce the restoration and enforce penalties, bring in basically the awareness and empower the SIAs and Pollution Boards for capacity building. Now we have come to the UPSC Mains Question of the Day. The Supreme Courts Manakthi Verdict and Implications for Environment Regulation and in Industrial Development in India Critically Examine So Critically Examine Will be your third page of your answer The Critique of the Environmental Regulation as per STs Vanashakthi Verdict Will be your first page and Industrial Development in India Will be your second page and Violet First to Regularise Letter to Regulation and EC's Priority Will be your intro and in your way forward you will mention the five points that we have seen. And with that you will finish your 250 word answer. This is for 15 marks. Please send us your answer copy so that we can help you at better in your preparation and we will review that and we will let you know. Please attach it in the comment section with this. We have come to the end of this topic and let's move to the third topic for the day. So, there are a lot of issues that are happening with regard to the climate change. There is the climate resilience that is needed and there is also the health workforce who actually helps during these times of disasters where you have to have a resilience. So now Kerala and Assam recently gave soft floods right. So they highlight climate health caps. And they are actually also talking about public health. They are saying that you need to institutionalize public health. You need to take public health into priority. And you need a training for the work force for coordination and coordinated disaster response. So this article is taken from The Hindu Very very important in the GS three perspective also in the GS one disaster management perspective Very very important This article is written by Priyanka Tomar in The Indian Express. So, how does this workforce overcome the crisis? You See That When There Are Floods? First the hospital needs to prepare for the amount of beds and how they are going to take care of the health care workers and once that is done the lives are safe. When there are heat waves we have surveillance. We have umbrellas. We have ah some kind of buttermilk that it is distributed. We have a lot of mechanisms in place for the health crisis, the heat waves, you have holidays that are given. So, with all this surveillance, because of that outbreaks are content. When you have some kind of vector search, take the case of COVID-19. So the lab testing you had cotton pads and you had ah the kit to test it in your house with because of which the vector testing was ah don and recovery was fast. There is also a water contamination the Asha workers give outreach the trust is preserved. So, the work force is what prevents some kind of national disaster, to you know, not become a prolonged, ah, crisis of the public health. So, this is very very important and the workforce plays a major role. If You See the Climate Health Reality, 0.9 Doctors Are Only on,000 Indians. So the WHO norm is that you have to have at least 1% of doctors for every thousand individuals. India is in 0.9 which means there is a 10% gap that is present because of which if you see India's seventh position on the Global Climate Risk Index and 80% of the specialists if you see they are not present in the rural areas. 80% of the people are present in the urban area. Which is why 23 plus states have ah heat action plans. What are they going to do when there is some kind of heat cry that is happening. Now Six Roles That the Workforce Places Are Very, Very Important. The first one is when you have climate hit patients, they are searching. You should not say that this person is going to pay to play me more. This person is going to pay me less. This is the person I am going to admit. No. So, you have to have emergency care. Hospitals should observe the emergency care. They should be able to step up and they should be able to rectify the situation based on that. And when you have outbreaks, post disaster let's say that because of water contamination everybody is having a fever. Everybody is facing some issue and during that time they should have ah surveillance and they should actually deduct. OK, this person is in the preventive stage. So, how do we cautiously help these people, what are the things that we can distribute? Or things you can do? There are labs that verify portability after every flood the water testing. ASHAs cover the most vulnerable households and the coordination they do aligns health with disaster and civic departments. Trauma and recovery care should be given for the mental health angle. So, certain people might have lost their loved ones. Ah certain people might have ah ah gone through some ah physically changing incident. So They Must Have the Trauma and Recovery Care for the Survivals. Now You See The Fragmented Training Versus Routine Practice. There is a donor, there is a project, there is a training. So, when the funding ends, these skills are lost. Now, you will have a Work Force Life Circle. Before ah the service, when you're in service, then supervision, then practice. So, you will go towards the training in a routine practice which is when this will be institutionalized. Now, you see that there is a competency pyramid. What is the Competency Pyramid? The First One Is You Have Your Foundation. The MBBS or the B.Sc curriculum. And Then There Is a Climate Module in Health Degree. So, this is very very important because just like how you prepare for your civil services, you need to know when a disaster strikes, what are the kind of measures and precautionary things that you have to take in accordance. Here also people should understand and they should have a climate module and health degree. And after that you should have continuous training and refreshers. And then the district mentoring. Where in the district talks about, what kind of issues it faces. What kind of problems do we have. What are the health sector problems that we have and review that. And that there is the cadre and the governance in the leadership angle. So there is Kerala which has health integrated into the flood response. There is Ahmedabad where in the first city heat action plan was boat in. So Ahmedabad might come in your prelims and Odisha has cyclone health preparedness template because that is the most taken disaster. Tamil Nadu has a State Heat Action Plan that is operational. NPCCH has a National Programme of Climate Change in Human Health. It has a national scope again. And then you have 23 plus states which have heat action plants that are in force ah ah that are in ah force today. So, these are the bright spots that we're talking about, and if you see that, all the states are based on what disaster strikes them. They are going on at a local level and they are making plans according to it. So what are the challenges inside and outside the system because that is very imperative for us to understand. First one below the WH norm we have a work for shortage. We saw that we have a 10% gap even in doctors. Now 80% of the specialists are in urban areas. There are there is we climate health surveillance data. There are silos between MoHFw and MoEF and burn out. There's a lot of burnout that this scare workers have after they go and they help people in disaster they come back with burnout. Now the climate there is high floods in cyclones that are rising. Heat wears are longer and hotter. There are vector burn zones. There is water contamination of every flood. And donor cycles disrupt the training continuity. Now the road map forward is that first given climate modules for MBBS and BST then gave continuous service refreshers then have One Health across ministries then have dedicated climate budget then have real time surveillance dashboards so curriculum training convergence CTCFD curriculum training convergence finance and digital literacy in digital literacy you will have the dashboards and surveillance. This Is What Is Your Way Forward. So now the UPSC Mains practice question for the day. Examine how strengthening the public health workforce is central to building climate-resilient health systems in India. It is a 250 word ah question for 15 marks. So, strengthening the public service workforce is central to building climate-resilient health systems in India. You can give it in three stages. So public health workforce what is present the second one why is this what is present you can give in a hub and spoke diagram why is intent you will write and then after why is intent then you will ah write about the strengthening measures and in that itself you will mention about the critique and the challenges and a small two line way forward with conclusion. So this question is for three pages. Please send across your answer copies. It's a 250 word answer that will help you at better in your preparation. So, with this, let's move into the next topic for the day. So the next topic of the day is about the MMDR Amendment Act of 2026. This is addressing a long standing operational challenge in the mining sector. So in a mining sector, one it is going to bring uniformity and predictability, then it is going to curb non-uniform state tax and cess charges and it is going to encourage fresh capital investment, fourth it is going to streamline levies on mineral bearing lands. So these are the four important things that we have to remember about MMDR Amendment 2026. With this background, let's move into the article of the day. So, if you see the Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation Act in 1957, it was started and inacted, but it was actually amended many times to develop and to accommodate and culturalize with the mineral development that is happening in India. So, it regulates the exploration mining and development of minerals. And the focus is on sustainable mining, mineral utilization and transparency. So, the Central and State Governments will be there in mineral regulation. It is a framework. So, there is a legal foundation for India's mineral security and industrial development that is required. So, there is a need for reform. So, there are multiple levies. It has increased mining costs. It there is a threat to mineral security. There is high cost of many critical minerals. So the minor mineral security is going to be affected. So there is higher foreign exchange outflow. So import dependence is also going to be there. So different state taxes mineral market is fragmented. So, this should be unified. It is going to be costly steel, cement and infrastructure which are the basis to build anything. So employment losses will be incurred when mines are closed. There are lots of people who are employed in mines as well and it disturbs the long term investment in the mining sector. So, you see in the new section nine states cannot impose fresh taxes. Cess and levies on the mineral rights. Accept Except if your Central Government stays in the status that you can actually have a cess charge. You can have a levy charge. So the past if you have any unpaid and pending levies then they are going to be treated as invalid and they are already recovered amounts are not refundable so section 13 also states that the central government prescribes conditions in restrictions for such state levies there are minor minerals the state controls remain that are unchanged over minor minerals such as sand gravel granite and marble so there is a revenue sharing framework for states that remains largely unchanged. So before multiple and varying state levies were there. Now there are uniform centered guidance frameworks. States Could Impose New Levies. New levies are only under central conditions. There's a restro retrospective due. Now there are unpaid dues that are invalid. Higher mining cost to improved cost. Regional disparity to greater market uniformity because taxes and taxes are going to be uniform. Disrupted investment to greater investment in strategic minerals that are unviable could be having visibility and viability and state revenue concerns and state revenue streams will be protected. This is the before and after condition. Now iron ore is 313 MT. Limestone is 484 MT. So, these are the recent achievements. Our production has crossed 1 billion tonnes for the second executive year. There are 212 major mineral blocks and NCTM launched with an outlay of Rs 16300 crore. So these are the recent achievements and there is a ₹1500 crore scheme launched for critical mineral recycling. And there is a rapid expansion of critical and strategic mineral exploration and the government has secured limited exploration rights in Argentina. And Unified Mining Portal has also been introduced for transparent monitoring. So, with reference to the National Critical Mineral Mission consider the following statements, it aims to strengthen India's domestic exploration and processing of critical minerals. It focuses on domestic mineral resources and does not support acquisition of mineral assets abroad. Recycling and recovery of critical minerals are among the areas of key focus. Please send us your answer for this particular question in the comment section and we will respond to you and we will get back to you with this. Let's move to the prelims focus for the day. So, an old rock that was present there is directly traced to the microbial life that is present there. So, an Indian rock yields older than directly dated traces of microbial life found in this thing's [ __ ]. This is between Jharkhand and Odisha rock form of Bitadari. So it is dated using zircon crystals and the degraded organic matter itself has a biosignature based on which we are able to identify and this is the oldest directly dated rock and with confirmed microbial life so it suggests that life began earlier than Earth's formation. So this is ah the rock that we're talking about. Now the 8th BRICS Youth Energy Summit. India Hosts BRICS Youth Energy Summit Virtually Focusing on Youth Led Energy Innovation. So it is guided by building for resilience innovation collaboration sustainability this is the theme and energy for all. So 100 more than 100 energy professionals and policy makers ah academicians all of them participated and we have the energy security and sustainability as the main core theme that was focused on. And then technology equity access and all come with that. So it highlighted PM Suryagraha Shanti Act, RDSS Act, PM Kusum Act and showcased Smart Grids and Energy Storage. So there is also the IIT Mandi which develops hydroxyapatite surface to fight infection and to aid bone integration. So, you see there are needle clusters that are assembling sea urchins. So, the first stage you will have is alkaline activation with the 3D printed PLA. And then you will have a hydro ah hydro ah thermal treatment at 90° Celsius. Once that is done. The bacteria will be mechanically disrupted and then it prevents the biofilms. So This Is Useful In Dental Implants, Biomedical Devices And Orthopedics. So, it combines 3D printing and biomimicry. So, this is the significance. So, you see this is the basic ah that we have seen for bone integration for ah bone scaffold implant. So for antibacterial protection with reference to the recently developed sea argin inspired technology it uses hydroxy phosphate needles like clusters inspired by the structure of sea argin yes the coating can help mechanically disrupt bacteria and prevent biofilm formation yes it uses polylactic acids caffeols which are biodegradable yes so the answer should be one two and three only let's check yes the answer is option D one two and three only with this we have come to the end of today's video thank you for watching me thank you for watching today's video. Let's meet again in a new video in a new day. Thank you again. [music]