Daily Current Affairs Analysis | 09th August, 2026 | Shankar IAS Academy | UPSC | Mains 2026

Hello everyone, welcome to the daily current affair analysis brought to you by Shangar Academy 9th August 2026. Before getting into the discussion, please make sure that you subscribe to our YouTube channel. If you haven't, please do subscribe and also hit the bell icon to receive ontime updates from the academy. And coming to the topics for today's discussion, the first topic is AIdriven digital centric. So recently the government of Kerala deployed AI centries in six forest forest zones of Kerala and this has successfully you know mitigated the human wildlife conflicts in this region. And the second is PMSSB. So PMSSB it is a scholarship program for the students from the backward community. So we are going to discuss why it is in the news and what are the key components and other facts about this PMSSS scheme. And the next is MSME development amendment bill 2026. So now this bill has passed in in the parliament of India. So in this background we'll be discussing why uh there's an amendment now and what are the major changes proposed by this bill. And the sec and the fourth article is about Indian space flight on track. So we can see that in the month of January we launched the PSLV 662 and unfortunately the mission was a failure and after for nearly 6 months there was no major announcements or major launches from India. But now in the recently we saw the the successful launch of Vikram one. So through the successful launch of the Vikram one from Sri Hara now the Indian uh space sector is once again back after a six months of gap. So in this background we'll be discussing you know what are the recent developments in the space sector and why there was a know a a small delay in the uh space launches or why there was a break a six months break in the Indian space sector and finally we'll be discussing the prelims focus for the day. So with all that let's begin the discussion with the first article. Coming to the first article, how AI centries are bringing new hope to Kerala's human wildlife conflict zone. Article is taken from the Hindu. So now the Kerala has deployed an AIdriven farm guard digital sentry system in six high-risk forest zone to prevent a wild animal incursion. So in this background, let us understand what is mean by AI sentry. So we already mentioned that it is a farm guard system and this technology based on machine learning AI uh you know uh cameras and also it has you know uh uh the system communications technology and also we can see that it uses you know uh a component to release acoustic uh sound. So it will know uh it will prevent the entry of the animal into particular sound. So now the Kerala has implemented this in thick forest zone to prevent the wild animal incursion into the farmland and other human resided area. So in this background let us understand more about this article. So what is AI synry? So it is a technology that uses machine learning high resolution camera night vision and also you know you know the sound system uh to mitigate the human wildlife conflict. And we can see that it has multidirectional camera that can monitor an area of about 200 m. So it will you know it will be rotating uh know and also we can see that it it can monitor any animal that is coming within 200 m radius and it the detection triggers realtime alert to the forest officials and rapid response team through WhatsApp, SMS and so in case if the camera is detecting any animal in the nearby area that means within this radius of 200 meter then immediately the system will in inform the uh the forest department and rapid response team uh to you know uh to reroute this animal in into their corridor and we can see that the system will also use a multi-frequency acoustic defense mechanism with 100 plus audio pattern. So we can see that for certain animals you know certain sound at a certain frequency will be little uh you know uh you know little disturbing or they may feel uncomfortable. So this system as a part of defense mechanism it will produce acoustic sound uh you know to uh to reroot the animal and the sound includes nearly 100 plus audio patterns ranging from gunfire to explosions crowd noise and the low frequency sound. So we know that certain animals can hear low frequency infrasound. So that is also included in the system. So it will inform the forest department and at the same time to prevent the entry of this animal into the zone it will produce this defense mechanism that means it will produce the acoustic sound and we can say that sound patterns frequencies and timing are automatically varied to prevent habituation by animal. So it will identify the animal and based on that animal it will provide sound. It will produce the sound to prevent the habituation of the animal in this region or to reroot the animal into the corridor. And talking about human wildlife conflict. So we know that uh you know how this mechanism will help in addressing the human wildlife conflict. So we know that when uh when a wild animal enters into the human habitat or human settlement that time the people will violently respond sometimes the people will violently respond to the animal. So this will uh this can lead to loss of life for both the humans as well as to the animals. So here through rapidly informing the uh incident or informing the situation to the forest officials they will be able to handle it professionally and also through providing sound. Yes there is a concern associated with the sound. You know some people some animals will be really disturbed because of the sound. Yes there is a concern but still you know it can to an extent it can prevent the human wildlife conflict. And talking about the human wildlife conflict. So we can see that human wildlife conflict happens when interactions between human and wildlife negatively affect the livelihood safety or wild wildlife conservation. So we know that when elephant enters into the farmland or when cheetah enters into the farmland that time it will destroy the crop right or wild boar one of the biggest concerns for the farmers. So this time what happens to prevent the loss the people will or the farming community will kill the animal. So we can see that the major causes of this human wildlife conflict includes habitat habitat fragmentation. You know the the the animals might have lost to their natural habitat. Expansion of agriculture and the settlements of the humans near the forest. Infrastructure development will lead to shift in the prey base and also habitat fragmentation that will also force the animal to come to the uh regions where the humans are living. And next is loss of wildlife corridors. So we know that wildlife corridors are very important for the seasonal migration of the animal. You know sometimes this is wildlife conflife corridors will be disrupt uh disturbed because of any development projects. So that time they will take a different route and that route can be through an agriculture field or a human settlement. Next is changing land use pattern. So especially the development or the expansion of the agriculture and increasing wild life population in some landscape. So in certain areas suddenly we can see you know a rapid expansion of certain species. So this will also sometimes lead to you know activities like culling and all. So that you know sometimes this culling uh will be done by the local community without any professional support or any government authorization. So that that will also come under human wildlife conflict category. So this is the overall view about the human wildlife conflict. And talking about technology as a mitigation tool. So we can see that you know AI based detection can enable early warning and rapid response. So the this is how it is you know how this technology is acting as a mitigation tool. So first of all instead of you know giving the the acoustic defense first it will alert the the forest department and the rapid response team through the messages uh WhatsApp and telegram. So it represents a shift from purely reactive measures to uh reactive measures towards predictive and preventive wildlife management. So you know sometimes we can say that uh if the if if there is any disruption for the uh crop or if there is any destruction for the human settlement next time the animal will animal will be at the threat of you know losing life because of the community. But here through this mechanism you know we are preventing the incident from happening know we are preventing or we are saving the agricultural field or we are saving the human settlement. So here the animal will be safe and technology such as camera traps, AI based animal recognition, drones, sensors and GIS can strengthen the human wildlife conflict. Yes. So this AI centry it's a it's a it's a major shift towards you know a preventive or a proactive wildlife governance and next is ecological caution. So what are the major concerns associated with the use of this AI? So first of all we can see that it is a type of mitigation tool that means we are not consider we cannot consider or we cannot address the core problem here. So what are the major causes of the human wildlife conflict? We know that the core problems are loss of habitat shift in the prebase you know disruption of the corridor. These are the major problems. So instead of addressing all this we cannot address or we cannot completely sort out those human wildlife conflicts through just placing the AI centries. So here it is just a mitigation tool. That is one of the major limitations of this technology. And second is acoustic deterrence. So we can see that it will produce sounds know it will produce 100 plus sounds you know uh to to prevent the animal from entering into the into the zone. So this includes you know uh disturbance. It will it will lead to stress in the animal. It can alter the behavior of the animal. You know it it may affect the non-targeted species. Sometimes you know the the the system will produce a particular sound to uh to uh to prevent the entry of elephant but it can also affect the deer living near the region. So it you know it will uh affect the uh the other species disproportionately. And next is leading to habituation over time. So we can see that you know it will change the it can change the migration route you know it can change the it can change the daily uh migration route and also we can see that over period of time if the habitat if the real habitat is lost then anyway the animal is going to found a new habitat and that cannot be pushed right so these are the major limitations of this uh you know or the these are the major ecological concerns associ associated with the asentry and practical challenges. So we can see that currently we have implemented this technology in the six cores and it has given you know uh some benefit also. But what are the major challenges in continuing the the mechanism or what are the major challenges in you know unfolding this uh mechanism on a larger scale. First of all the terrain. So we can see that the the Kas terrain uh know it know it can it is a tropical region and it it has lot of especially the western region which are rich in biodiversity also has dense forest. So this dense forest can you know uh can mask the view of the camera sometimes therefore sometimes the system may not be affected. Second is solar power. So we can see that you know scala will be experiencing and still it is experiencing strong monsoon. So during the time of monsoon and due to the large canopy you know the sunlight will not always reach the system. Therefore the power conser the if the power is you know varying the efficiency of the system may also vary. And the next is maintenance. So we can see that it is it is placed in different parts of the forest. So we need a specialized team to monitor uh the health of the system. If if that is not done properly then it can lead to false alarm. You know such issues can happen. And next is cost. So larger scale deployment requires huge amount of funding. And next is scalability. So short-term success does not necessarily guarantee long-term effectiveness across different ecosystem. So like I mentioned here, we have to address the core problem. So instead of addressing the real problem behind the human animal conflict, we cannot just mitigate it for a long time. So this tool is just a mitigating mitigating tool. That means we cannot expect a long-term result, a positive result or a sustainable result from this. Right? And the second is habituation. animals may eventually learn that the sounds does not represent genuine threat. So we are we are using noise of the people you know we are using uh the gunpowder or the gun gunshot sounds and all but still over period of time the animals will learn that these are just fake you know uh or some sometimes if they have already lost their natural habitat anyway they are going to find a new habitat in the nearby region. So this is not going to give a sustainable solution for the human animal contract but this can mitigate the issue for a short term. So these are the major practical challenges associated with the AI centric. And now we are going to discuss a previous practice question. The question is consider the following statements regarding AI based digital centries used for managing human wildlife conflict. Statement one they can use machine learning and high resolution cameras to identify specific animal species. Yes, that is correct. And statement two, their acoustic defense mechanism can cause varying frequencies and the stimulated threat sounds to reduce animal habituation. That is also correct. Statement three, such a systems can completely replace wildlife corridors and rapid response teams in managing the human wildlife conflict. No, wildlife corridors and rapid response teams are necessary in in the case of digital centuries to manage the human wildlife conflict. So the statement three is incorrect. Statement four, dense forest canopy may affect the functioning of such system by reducing camera visibility and solar power generation. Yes. So the statement four is also correct. So if the statement three is incorrect means we can eliminate option C and option D. And the statement four is also correct. So the correct answer is going to be option B 1 2 and four only. Yes. With this we will move to the next article. Coming to the second article breaking barriers through education. Article is taken from the press information bureau. So this article is talking about PM SSB scholarship program. So why it is in the news and what are the basic facts we have to remember regarding this initiative for the prelims? Let us discuss. So PM SSB scheme. So recently a 28-year-old student OBC student from the Dumar region of Jarkand was facing financial problem and because of the financial problem he was not able to pursue MBA but now he received a scholarship under this initiative and now he's p he's going to pursue his dream of MBA. So in this background let us understand more about PMESSB. So PMSSB it is a scholarship program for the uh students from the backward community that is uh backward or other backward classes economically backward classes and denotified tribal groups who are studying in the premier schools and institutions in India and we have to understand that this is 100%age centrally funded initiative and it is implemented by the ministry of social justice and empowerment. And talking about the components of the PMESSP. So these are the subs schemes under the PMESSP. The first is the pre-metric scholarship. So students between the class group of 9 and 10 are eligible for this. And for for an academic year they are eligible to get approximately 75,000 rupees. And for the postmetric scholarship so this is provided for the students of class 11th to postgraduation. So here you know academic allowance plus full-time tuition support will be provided through the scholarship. And next is top class education uh college education is the scheme is the third common line. So here you know uh the targeted students are the students who are studying in the AM and IATS of India and here full tuition uh tuition fees plus 3 months uh sorry uh 3,000 per month living allowances will be provided to the students and next is for the uh host construction. So the next scheme is looking for the host construction. So here uh the boys and the girls who are staying in the hosts of the premium institutions are eligible to get you know this uh scholarship and this will support the infrastructure development in the hosts and talking about the eligibility so we can see that uh to get the scholarship the annual uh income of the family should be less than 2.5 lakh rupees and we can see that know the there's a cap in the tution fee so uh know Um uh maximum uh tution tution fee provided under this initiative is 2 lak rupees per year in the top private institutions and for the digital aid 40,000 rupees will be provided for uh you know purchasing laptop or any uh you know digital equipment for the study and next is uh the benefit the scholarship will be transferred to the students through the national scholarship portal that is it is direct it is a direct uh you know uh benefit transfer so the scholarship will be received by the students through the national scholarship portal and uh next is the importance. So we can see that this initiative this uh you know um a scholarship is a step towards you know social inclusion and empowerment. So we know that article 46 of the Indian constitution says that it is obligation of the state to promote educational and economic interest of the weaker sections. So this through providing you know support to the students especially the students from the backward community in the higher education it is a step towards their economical empowerment you know better employment opportunities and also better social mobility. So social mobility is very important for you know uh for for establishing a harmony and equal society right. So we can say that even today the jobs or occupations done by the people are somehow related to their cast or you know uh uh the things are still there in the Indian society but this initiatives or the initiatives like PMSSB is a step towards strengthening the social mobility. Next is it will help the uh help the population to overcome the rural barriers. So we can see that most of the even the case of the students they are he's coming from you know a tribal dominated region of Jarkand that is the region of Dunka. So you know this this step to this initiative is a step towards better you know inclusion of u economical and social inclusion in the rural area and uh these are the major significance of this initiative and uh now we have a prelim practice question. The question is with reference to PM young achievers scholarship award scheme for vibrant India shortly known as ESS. Consider the following statements. Statement one, it is an umbrella of scheme aimed at OBC uh EBC that is economically backward classes and de notified tribal students. State statement two it is implemented by the ministry of social justice and empowerment and statement three it includes provisions for top class school education and the top class college education. So which of the statements given above is or are correct? So we can see that all the three statements are correct. So the correct answer will be option D 1, two and three. Yes. With this we will move to the next article. Coming to the third article the micro small and medium enterprise development amendment bill 2026 passed by the parliament. Article is taken from the press information bureau. So now the Lok Saba and Rajy Sabha has passed the um MSME development bill of 2026. So in this background we are going to discuss what is the significance of this amendment and what are the major changes proposed by the bill. So we can see that in 2006 the government of India notified the MSME development act to govern the MSME sector in India. But it is it is almost 20 years and in the in the in the meantime we can see that the MSME sector has undergone lot of changes. It has expanded its operations into emerging field like the space, IT and industries right and uh so uh and to consider this change we have to you know bring certain reforms to support them and also we can see that in 2023 the government of India launched the UDM portal for for the registration of MSMES in India and that time nearly 1.65 65 cr MSME is registered in this portal. But if you take the present data, we can see that within 3 years the registration reached 9.16 cr. So the MSME know enterprises are increasing in India rapidly and also we can see that currently it is providing liihood for nearly 40%age of the Indian population. So it is slowly becoming one of the important pillars of the Indian economy. So boosting or to supporting uh you know uh this MSME we need a proper framework and that is what proposed by this bill of 2026. So now we are going to discuss what are the major proposed changes one by one. So first change is associated with the classification and also the permanent status to the ODM portal. So we can see that you know uh through in 2020 the government of India proposed the twin criteria based classification for the uh for the MSME. That means instead of just relying on the investment or the turnover now we are using twin criteria that means we will consider both the investment and the turnover to define an MSM whether it is small micro or medium and we can see that through this amendment through the amendment of amendment of 2026 we are we are proposing an inclusion of this classification in the parent act itself and next is about the UDM portal. So they portal will act as a platform for registration of MSMES and also for solving various issues associated with MSME and also this will provide an entry for the MSME uh you know it will provide an entry point for the the formalization of the MSME in the economy. So these are the first major changes proposed in the bill and second is associated with the delayed payments and fast adjusters. So we can see that imagine there is a situation that a small company an MSME is providing a service to a large company worth of 10 lakh rupees but this large company is not ready to pay the amount on time. So what happens? So we know that the small and enterprises are running with limited members limited investment and limited profit right so they may not be able to uh you know uh tolerate the delay in the payment or any you know uh issues in the corporation from the large company. So to sort out this problem now through this amendment we have proposed the online dispute resolution uh for timely settlement of the cases and the the major uh changes proposed here are indium released mediation cap and arbitration uh arbitration referral these are the major changes proposed here so we can see that imagine there is a case between an MSME and a large company and in this case the court ruled you know gave a a judgment or verdict favor for the MSME. That means the court said that you the that the large company has to pay 10 lakh rupees to the MSME. But the large company they have lot of money. So instead of paying the amount you know they started you know challenging the court verdict. So what happens the the the case will you know go beyond uh the settlement time that means it will be extended right? So the extension of the case will bring more pressure on the MS. So to address this problem if the case is if the expansion or if the if the you know if the case is extending beyond 6 months then 50%age of the pay the amount has to be paid to the MSME. So in the in the previous case the court ruled that 50 know 10 lakh rupees has to be given to the MSME but through the uh through countering or through uh you know through challenging the verdict now the now the large company is is extending the case. So now the if the case is going beyond 6 months then the MSME is eligible to get 5 lakh rupees to address this problem. And next is mediation cap. So now we can see that more freedom is given to the state governments for the establishment of micro and small enterprises facilitation council to sort out issues associated with the MSM. So here we can see that uh from the first hearing the council has to settle the issue within 90 days. If the issue is not settled within 90 days, then within another 30 days, you know, they have to refer the case to the arbitration. If the arbitration must end the case within 90 days and also award has to that means proper settlement has to be done. So this is the timeline that is 90 3090. So first if the case is re reaching the uh the council the facilitation council micro and small fac enter enterprises facilitation council the council should resolve the case through mediation within 90 days. If the case is not stopping in the mediation then within another 30 days they have to refer the case to the arbitration and the arbitration must sort out this problem within another 90 days and proper settlement has to be done. So these are the major changes proposed by the bill for the for to address the problem of delayed uh payment. And next is yeah timeline 20 years of MSME act. So we can see that in 2006 we already discussed it. In 2006 we uh notified this act for governing the MSME and in 2020 we provided the we proposed the redefinition of the MSM in India and now through the amendment we have provided statutory basis to the UDM portal and also we have included we have returned the classification in the parent act itself and next is you know 2026 among major uh changes. So this this is the development of MSME act in India and next is decriminalization and ease of doing business. So one of the objectives of the amendment is nothing but decriminalizing uh you know uh certain provisions to build uh trust and confidence in the MSME investors and also through this we are planning to support the ease of doing business ambience in India. So now we can through this amendment we can see a shift from conviction based fines to graded civil penalties. That means if an MSMA committed some crime or sorry some mistake uh some mistake or you know uh something uh that violates the framework in that case instead of giving immediate uh conviction or immediate action against them here we will give first warning and then we will go for fine and then if they are committing some corruption or anything then we will know provide you know proportional uh punishment based on the cases. or graded penalties or graded punishments for the cases. So instead of going for direct conviction here we will go for graded civil penalties and this will you know provide trust you know it will bring more confidence for the MSME investors and next is you know uh and the next is uh and then we are planning for development of u you know ease of doing business. So this will improve regulatory climate for MSME operators nationwide. So these are the and the next major change proposed by the bill is about the central sorry uh the uh the trade receivable discounting system and institutional reform. So we can see that uh you know the bill proposed for the trade receivable discounting system. So what is mean by trade uh receivable discounting system? So imagine there is a situation that uh you know the the MSM provided some service to a company and the beneficiary is not able to pay the amount. They are not intentionally delaying the payment but they they are not able to pay pay make the payment immediately. So now the MSME has some immediate need. How they are going to address this need? Here comes the role of the trade receivable discounting system. So through the trade discover uh receivable discounting system all the central public sector enterprises can provide liquidity or immediate funding to the MSME through the trade receivable discounting system platform. And we can see that through this bill we have also given certain powers to the state government or certain autonomy to the state government. So they can push their public sector enterprises to provide the service. And also we can see that the state governments can you know implement uh they can form multiple MSME sorry micro small enterprise facilitation council for faster disposal of the cases and to an extent the state government can also frame certain rules you know that are suitable for the MSM located in the state. So the next major change proposed by the bill was trade receivable discounting system to address the immediate need of the MSME and also through the institutional reforms we have provided certain autonomy to the states so they can train the uh rules for better uh you know for uh for developing the MSMES in their own state based on the condition. So these are the major changes introduced in the bill. So talking about way forward so what are the things that we have to consider? So we know that you know MSME considering the MSME in the development is very important to make the development inclusive and we are the nation is moving forward with the vision of biggest barat 2047. So MSME is an inevitable part of the economy. So what are the measures that we can take or what are the steps that we can consider uh to boost the MSME in India? First is formalization. So we can see that through the UDM portal we are taking a step towards formalization. That means we have to create awareness among the people to register their MSMES in the uh in the platform. So this will uh this will you know boost the formalization of MSME in the economy. And next is scaling path. So it enables micro units to grow into small and medium champions. So we can see that you know through formalization the now the now now the units the small units or the factories or the enterprises can get more benefit from the government more support from the government and also they can get more funding. So we can eventually make the micro into a small and from there we can make them into a medium enterprise and from there they can grow into a large enterprise and next is inclusive growth. So we can see that you know supports labor intensive and the sustainable expansion. So we can see that you know it currently provides employment or liihood for nearly 40%age of the Indian e Indian uh Indians in the economy. Therefore you know uh it is conserving the sector is very important you know to uh to protect uh the the you know uh the the the the changes in the job dynamics because of the digitalization and next is uh payment discipline. So we can see that we have the uh you know uh uh the uh the trade receivable discounting system plus online dispute resolution mechanism proposed by the bill. So trade uh receivable discounting system will address the immediate need of the MSME while online dispute resolution mechanism that is the uh you know the court as well as the uh micro and small enterprise facilitation council they will support the they will support or they will sort out the cases associated with the MSM. So this is a step towards you know more inclusive and just based MSME development and next is trust regime. So we have decriminalized various provisions you know uh and also we have made a shift from conviction based you know conviction based know to uh civilian penalty based uh you know decriminalization. So here it will bring more confidence in the MSMES and you know they they are they will be more ready to make more investment in the MSME. So these are the uh you know uh this is the shift towards trust based regime. So 2046 sorry 47. So we can say that you know uh currently it is providing employment or lilihood for nearly 40%age of the Indian in the economy. So maybe if we can support or we can implement all this properly then we can increase the number to 60 or 70. So no doubt this MSM is going to be one of the anchoring pillars of the biggest barat vision. So now we have a prelimin practice question. The question is consider the following statements regarding MSME development amendment bill of 2026. Statement one, it makes registration on the it on the UDM portal mandatory for all the MSMES. And statement two, it empowers state governments to constitute multiple uh small micro small enterprises facilitation council for faster dispute resolution. And statement three, it provides for recovery of MSME dues as areas of land revenue. If the case is not solved within 90 days after the arbitration then if the company is not ready is not ready to pay the amount to the MSME then through the public sector that means through the uh through the revenue department the MSME can get the the amount as landers and all. So the statement three is correct. Statement two is also correct. Statement one it makes registration on the portal mandatory for all the MSM. No, it it provided statutory permanent status to the port hotel. There is no mention about the mandatory regulation sorry mandatory registration. So the statement two and three are correct while statement one is incorrect. So the correct answer will be option C two and three only. With this we will move to the next article. Coming to the fourth article space wrap historic Vikram one launch Indian space flight back on track article is taken from the Hindu. So we know that in the January month the Indian Space Research Organization launched PSLV T62 but unfortunately it was a failure and after that there was no major announcements from the Indian Space Research Organization regarding any launch. But now that is recently in the month of July 18 we successfully launched the Vikram 1 rocket made by the skyroot air aerospace and this successful launch of Vikram 1 breaking it is breaking a long gap in the ISRO's launch. So in this background let us understand more about the launch of Vikram one and also the revival of the Indian space sector after a short break. So talking about the Vikram one we know that it is a it is the India's first private orbital rocket liftoff and it is a part of mission argument argument means arrival and we can see that this rocket this launch vehicle is developed by the Hyderabad based space agency or the sorry space enterprise Kyroot Aerospace and talking about the structure we can see that the the the length sorry the height of this uh rocket is approximately equal to a seventory story building and it is a multi-stage rocket and it is made up of carbon. So carbon means it the weight of this rocket will be very light but the strength will be very high and talking about the propulsion. So we can see that many components of this uh engine engine of this rocket is made up of made it is made using the 3D printing technology. Therefore we can we are taking a step towards faster manufacturing of space equipments. And next is payload. So it carries total six payloads and the most important are scope and graa satellites. They are placed in the low earth orbit. And talking about the significance so shortly we can say that India entered into the elite club. So after the United States of America and the New Zealand, India became the third country to have a private launch. And uh coming to the significance of this launch why this vicram one launch is very important why the success is very important. So like I mentioned nearly a 17 87 uh days of break was there. So we know that uh the the space research organization Indian space research organization launched the PSLB C62 but unfortunately towards the last stage this mission got failed and after that there was no major announcements from the Indian Space Resource Organization regarding any other upcoming launches. Therefore uh through this successful launch of the Vikram one we are breaking the gap of nearly 6 months. And next is pay policy payoffs. So we can see that you know uh in 2020 the Indian space sector was reformed to include the private players and now we can see a positive result of such reforms and next is sovereign tech. So composite air airframe and 3D printed engines built in India. So you know uh we can see that many components of this Vikram one is made up of using 3D printing technology. So it is a step towards faster manufacturing of the uh space equipments and next is global standing. So we saw that India now entered into the LA club. So after the USA and the New Zealand, India became the third country to have a private launch. And next is investor signal. So we can see that you know through uh 241 round India collected approximately 7 $871 million for the space for the space missions. So it is a step towards you know boosting the confidence and investment in the Indian space sector. So these are the major significance of the uh this uh Vikram one launch and coming to the setbacks. So like I mentioned for the last 6 months the Indian space sector was little down because the space sector especially the ISRO faced some crisis. So in the January month that is exactly on January 12 we launched the PSLB C62 but unfortunately towards the last stage uh you know uh in the last stage burn there was an issue and the mission was a failure and we can see that in between nearly you know 100 plus uh researchers from the Indian space research got resigned due to various reason we have done an article on that also and in between the mission dishi launched by the galaxy I so they launched the uh you know optical uh synthetic aperture radar. So it is a you know it was also launched using the Falcon you know um rocket but this was also failed because of it uh because of a solar storm. So in between India uh you know there was no launch from India and uh one of the Indian companies launched the optical synthetic aperture radar from USA but that was also a failure because of the uh solar storm. So the for the past 10 sorry the for the past 6 months the Indian space sector was little down but now we are reviving the space sector through the successful launch of the Vikram one and uh talking about the timeline so talking about the India's private space journey so we can see that in 2020 we brought the reforms to include the private players in the space sector and we know that we have the inspace to regulate the private players in the space sector and in 2026 January month we launched the PSLB C62 but unfortunately that was a failure and in between that is in May 2026 under the mission Brushi Galaxy I launched the optical synthetic aparture radar using the Falcon 9 rocket but unfortunately that was also a failure because of a solar storm. So now we can see that you know uh the uh suppose the in the recent time the Indian space sector was down and now we have revived the space sector through the successful launch of Vikram one and talking about the funding landscape in the Indian space tech. So like I mentioned through uh 241 rounds we have collected nearly 871 million for the space research programs and currently as per the estimation nearly 285 companies are involved in the space research and out of this 285 nearly 274 companies are active now and the major funding for the space are coming from the city of Bangaluru followed by Hyderabad, Chennai, Ahmedabad and Pune And out of the total funding we can see the domination of Bangaluru. So Bangaluru accounts for nearly 57%age of the space uh space track funding in India. And uh talking about uh you know uh the uh in in between that is in the last 6 months there was no major launch from India but India have successfully conducted some test which was very successful and you know uh successful for the Gagyan mission. So we can see that we conducted the solve motor test. So solve motor test was conducted to check the uh you know the the the parachute efficiency of the you know uh of this Gagenan mission and we conducted this test using uh an engine that we brought from the PSLB re we remodeled it for this purpose. So we done this test uh and it was successful and it was done at a low cost. And next is IMAT 5. So through this uh through this test we have validated the main parachute you know for the gaginian mission and we can see that then we conducted the float test. So it's a crew module operating system. So it is a test for the crew module operating system and this test was also successful and then we conducted the umbical test. It's a test for crew service module connect disconnect system and that was also successful and then we conducted the test for aex cover. So you know uh to check the structure it is a structural test for aex cover separation loss and this was also a successful uh test. So in between even though there was no major launch the test for the upcoming space mission the upcoming space mission of gagaan it was all this test was successful. So we know that gagya mission is and talking about the regulatory and the scientific updates. So we can see that after the success of the Vikram one we saw uh that we saw that the commercial arm of the Indian space research that is the inspace they issued certain guidelines to uh guidelines for the re-entry of the uh you know the the the launch vehicles. So we can see that know one of the major concerns associated with the the space research is nothing but the space debris. So the after the successful uh launch of the Vikram one the Indian uh the the in space they launched the the guidelines for planned re-entry. So this guidelines are issued under the Indian space policy of 2023. So this guidelines provides certain norms and practices to the private companies to regulate the or to control the space debris. And we can see that another major update that we are recently getting from the uh getting regarding the space research is the similarity between the geo geochemical composition of rocks that we found in the Shivasaki station. This is the this is the spot where the Vikram tree landed. So we can say that the the geochemical composition of the soil in the Vikrram sorry in the Shivaki station and the uh the Antarctica the soil of Antarctica has some similarity that means a meteorite hit region of the Antarctica has some similarity and this study is done by the physical research laboratory which is located in the Ahmedabad. So these are the major developments that we can see in the space research after the successful launch of the Vikram one and what can be done. So we can see that Indian space sector is known for providing quality service uh at very low low cost and that is that makes the Indian space sector more unique comparing with the space sectors of other countries right so we can we are able to conduct space research with a budget much lesser than interstellar. So it is that much efficient but apart from the last uh you know last six months gaps we have a very good history and we have built a very good conference across the world regarding the Indian space research. So what can be done? So how we can address uh concerns associated with the Indian space research. First is ISRO must deliver its seven planned launches on schedule. So we we can see that India is planning for Shukrayan Gaganyan you know many missions are and also Chandrean four and Chandrean five. So all the missions are in our schedule. So we have to make sure that the Indian Space Research Organization will launch those missions on time without much delay. So this will build the confidence on the ISRO also. And next is talent retention. So we can see that recently nearly 100 plus scientists got resigned from the Indian Space Research Organization. So we have to address this concern. So why they have resigned? What are the structural problems associated with the funding or working uh in the space research sector? So we have to consider all the factors and then we have to take some measures or reforms. And next is funding diversity. So we have to broaden the space tech funding beyond the top uh three cities. So we can see that currently the major funding are coming from um Bangalur. Bangaluru provides nearly 57%age of the funding for the space tech. So we have to reduce you know we or we have to make sure that all the cities in India will contribute towards the space tech. And next is debris discipline. So we have to make sure that the private launch vehicles or the private companies they are implementing the guidelines provided by the inspace and next is global play. So use the private launch capacity to win commercial contract. So that will you know bring revenue and at the same time it will give a boost to uh boost to the Indian space research. Next is balanced public private partnership. So we have to make sure we know that the space is a critical you know it's it's a very sensitive sector. So here we should not allow the domination of the private players. Private players has to be there. They have they should develop but at the same time we have to make sure that there is a proper government monitoring. There's a proper role of ISR also. So a balanced public private partnership. So this is very important to you know ensure an inclusive you know uh space research in India. So now we are going to see some of the missions in our you know uh in the pipeline. So we can see that now we are planning for uncrrewed uh Gagyan mission. So the test for various components are done and very soon we are going to launch the the uncrrewed space flight for Gagan. And next we have the Chandrean 4 in our uh schedule. So the Chandrean 4 is going to be the sample returning uh mission and then we have the long delayed uh mission that is the NASA ISO synthetic aparture radar mission. So we are we are expecting that uh the you know the launch will be done in the in the year of 2027. And next we we have a mission an orbiter mission for Venus that is Shukrayan. So we are expecting the mission uh in the month in the sorry in the year of 2028 and then we are going for the croved uh Gagan mission which can be expected between 2029 30. So these are the major missions in the schedule of ISRO. And talking about the Indian space companies, so we can see that you know the for the skyroot you know where we have the Vikram series. So orbital launches will be coming and next Vikram series commercial launches will be there and for Pinacle Industries Dua space uh sorry Dua space station module it is upcoming project and for Agnikul Cosmos Aknicul orbital launch vehicle is the upcoming uh you know uh space mission and for the Skyroot Aerospace they have a medium lift launch vehicle in their plan and for Aknicul they have you know agul launch test to validate the vehicle. So these are the major uh you know uh missions in the schedule of the Indian private companies. So uh you know concluding these are the major missions that we are going to witness space missions that we are going to witness from the country of India. And now we have a mains practice question. The question is examine the significance of Vikram 1's launch for India's private sector uh India's private space sector. Discuss the reforms and the challenges shaping this transition. So it's a 10 marks question and you have to write around 150 words. Write the answer, post it in the comment section. We will review and we will reply for your answer. Now it's time to move to the prelims focus for the day. Coming to the prelims focus for the day. The first topic is Anugia nuclear technology orientation program. So recently the IAT Hyderabad along with the Crimson Energy Export launched the India's first industry academy program. This program also includes three month residential training for the upskilling of engineers working in the nuclear spectrum. So through this initiative we are planning to upskill the workforce to help uh India to boost the nuclear capacity from 8 gigawatt to 100 gawatt by 2047 and the next topic is seaf farer initiative. So recently this initiative was launched by the ministry of force shipping and waterways. So through this initiative we are planning to protect the objective of this initiative is protecting the life and the health of the seaf farers working in the conflict affected west waters and this initiative covers the straight of the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of these are the regions which are recently disturbed because of the west Asian conflicts and why India has taken the initiative now because we can see that currently India contributes 12%age of the maritime workforce so in 2015 15 India was in the fifth place but now we have reached the second place globally because we are providing 12%age of the maritime workforce. Therefore it is the you know the it is the it is the responsibility of the government to protect their health and livelihood. So to ensure the uh the health to ensure the safety of the workers working in the vegetation waters we have launched this initiative and the next topic is India day. So recently the masocharts governor Maura Haley and the Boston Governor Michelle Buu they have declared that uh know the the the states are going to celebrate the August 15 as India day. So through this initiative the state governments are planning to recognize the the the Indian-American community's contribution for the development of the states and also they are recognizing the India's struggle for independence that is they are recognizing the 79th independence day and they openly declared that you know this is a recognition for the the cultural diversity and the you know the harmony of India and another major reason behind this initiative is nothing but political because we can say that India has the largest diaspora in the world. So approximately 3.6 cr people are living in the different parts of the world and this diaspora can significantly influence the social policy the politics the elections and all and in the case of United States we can see that nearly 50 lakhs Indians are living there. So that is the case for the US also because the diaspora can influence the policy they can influence the the vote the elections and all. So this also has a political motive behind that. But uh you know uh the the the August 15 15 is declared as an India day because through this openly we are recognizing the uh the Indian-American community's contribution for the development of the states and also the states are the mass charts and the Boston are recognizing the India's struggle for independence and also the cultural diversity of India. And now we have a prelimin practice question. The question is with reference to India's nuclear sector which of the following institutions is associated with the country's nuclear energy program statement one department of atomic energy statement two election commission of India statement three securities and exchange board of India and statement four national disaster management authority. So we can see that the department of atomic energy which was established in 1956 you know uh this is the key institution for leading the energy you know a nuclear energy programs in India. So the correct answer will be option A. So with this we are coming to the conclusion for today's premiums focus. With this we are coming to the conclusion for today's current affair analysis. If you like the video hit the like button give your feedbacks as comments and share this content with your friends. And before leaving this channel, don't forget to subscribe and also hit the bell icon to receive on time updates from the academy. 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