Back at Ladyada's Desk! Doing bringup on PORT AUTHORITY our 'smart' controllable USB HUB
Watch on YouTubeVideo summary
The video introduces the Port Authority, a sophisticated USB hub designed to offer precise control over individual ports, addressing common limitations found in standard hubs. Unlike typical devices that rely on unreliable DC jacks, this hub features XH connectors for secure hard connections and includes an integrated INA3221 current sensor to monitor power usage on the first three ports. The demonstration, run on a Raspberry Pi utilizing Linux's robust USB hub control support, showcases the ability to remotely toggle power to specific ports via LEDs while simultaneously reading voltage and current data through an I²C interface. Additionally, the device incorporates an EEPROM for customizing identifiers like VID and PID, along with a protection circuit that automatically cuts off power if voltages exceed 5.4 volts, ensuring safety against over-voltage conditions.
Beyond individual port management, the Port Authority is built on the Microchip USB2514 chip, making it a true Multi-Tier Topology (MTT) hub capable of stacking multiple units into a large tower for extensive hardware setups. The design supports both current and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection on every port, with an optional master on-off switch that can disable the entire hub at once—a feature specifically requested by community member Mikey. While the current model is a four-port version operating at USB 2.0 speeds of 480 megabits per second, a seven-port variant utilizing vertical ports is currently in development and expected to be released soon, offering even greater scalability for users needing a large number of connected devices.
The creator emphasizes that the extensive testing and design choices behind the Port Authority stem from years of experience with hardware-in-the-loop systems and the desire to eliminate unreliable power connections. The project highlights how modern hardware can integrate seamlessly with various agents or automated testing tools, allowing engineers to rigorously test new equipment without fear of damaging components through unregulated power sources. By combining features like auto-cut-off protection, stackable architecture, and detailed current monitoring, the hub serves as an essential tool for bringing up new hardware safely and efficiently, proving that thoughtful engineering goes far beyond the final product's appearance.
Read the full video transcript
All right, Lady Ada. What is this?
>> Okay, we're back to my desk and I'm
working on Port Authority. This is like
the hardware hub I always wanted that
actually does things you want a hub to
do, like being able to turn off
individual ports. And also it has XH
connector, so if you want to have like
hard connected stuff, you don't have to
depend on these USB A's. So the demo
here is running on my Raspberry Pi
because Linux has the best
I think it's called U hub control
support. And I made a little demo here.
So as I turn off each port and you can
look over here, you can see the LED for
power going on and off. And there's also
over here an INA 3221 current sensor and
you can see the current sensor
resistors. So the first three ports also
have current monitoring as well. So not
only can you
turn on and off the port remotely, but
over I squared C here, you can run a a
little driver to read in Python the
current and voltage on each of the
first three ports. Fourth port doesn't
doesn't have monitoring. Um some other
things about this that are great, you
know, upstream USB. This is a true MTT
hub. This is the USB 2514.
It has I squared C support also. You can
set I squared C in a little connector
here. You can have it be like default
on. You can use I squared C to do
support control. There's also an EEPROM
on here. Little EEPROM. Little guy. If
you want to pre-burn stuff like changing
the VID, PID, the naming and stuff so
you can individually identify them
really easily. External protected 5 volt
either from terminal block or DC and
this is a protection circuit over here
to make sure you don't have over 5
volts. It'll do auto cut off if you get
over like 5.4 volts.
Um this is the hub, the crystal,
protection on every port, both current
protection and
ESD protection. And oh, there's also
Mikey really wanted this so you can just
turn off the whole hub at once with an
on-off switch so it completely disables
the whole thing.
>> Yeah.
>> Yeah. So, yeah, so this is a four-port
version. Also, the design is supposed to
be stackable. So, these you'd put
standoffs here, and you'd be able to
stack these up so you could have, you
know, a whole bunch of them
up in a in a big tower. So, if you
wanted like a large number of hubs, and
of course, each one is
USB 2.0 2480 megabit per second. This is
like a This is like a really nice hub
chip from Microchip. So, you could have
like lots of ports. So, if you're doing
like a hardware-in-the-loop farm, or you
just want like a hub that doesn't suck,
this is going to be a And then, the
seven-port version is being designed
now. It's a little bit wider or deeper,
but it has seven ports across the front.
It uses vertical ports. So, that'll be
coming out next. But, so far, so good.
>> Yep. And then, we have other stuff on
the desk here. We're doing a lot of
testing of the resolution for printing
on PCBs. And then, of course, if you're
with us this long in the video, you're
probably either you like all we do, or
you're trying to look for something we
did wrong.
It's
same same vibe. This works with all of
your whatever you want to call them
agents, agentic hardware, all the things
that you will say, "Hey, test all this
stuff."
>> Like, so for
>> [laughter]
>> what
>> Hardware-in-the-loop testing is really
>> But, even non-hardware-in-the-loop, like
I always wanted a hub that has like true
individual port control and current
monitoring. This is so handy for
bringing up new hardware. And current
limiting. And it doesn't use one of
those crummy like, "Oh, there's just a
random-ass like DC jack, and you don't
know the size, and you don't know if
it's protected."
>> A lot goes into our hardware designs
more than more than the final thing.
There's a story. So, how did we get
here? Why are we doing this? Why did it
take so many years? Okay, I'm going to
post this up. We're back.
>> Back.